Academic Productivity Differences by Gender and Child Age in Science, Technology, Engineering, Mathematics, and Medicine Faculty During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Academic Productivity Differences by Gender and Child Age in Science, Technology, Engineering, Mathematics, and Medicine Faculty During the COVID-19 Pandemic
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DOI：
10.1089/jwh.2020.8710
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发表时间：
2020-11-18
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Cardel, Michelle, I
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Krukowski, Rebecca A.;Jagsi, Reshma;Cardel, Michelle, I
背景资料：由于COVID-19大流行，大多数科学，技术，工程，数学和医学（STEMM）教师开始在家工作，包括许多同时照顾孩子的人。目的是评估性别和父母地位与自我报告的学术生产力之间的关系（即，2020年1月中旬至3月中旬）和大流行期间（即，2020年3月中旬至5月中旬）。材料和方法：美国STEMM教师（N = 284，67.6%为女性，57.0%有18岁以下的孩子住在家里）完成了一项关于工作小时数和学术生产力活动频率的调查。按性别划分的每周工作时间无显著差异（男性，M [标准差，SD] = 45.8 [16.7]，女性= 43.1 [16.3]）。有0-5岁儿童的教师报告的工作时间（33.7 [13.9]）明显少于所有其他组（无儿童= 49.2 [14.9]，6-11岁= 48.3 [13.9]，12-17岁= 49.5 [13.9]，p < 0.0001）。女性自我报告的第一/通讯作者和合著者的文章提交量在两个时间段之间显着下降;男性的生产力指标没有变化。与前一时期相比，在大流行期间，有0-5岁儿童的教师完成的同行评审任务明显减少，参加的资助小组会议减少，提交的第一作者文章减少。结论：总体而言，在大流行期间，性别和儿童年龄在学术生产力方面存在显着差异，如果得到进一步研究的证实，学术机构和资助机构在做出有关资金和招聘以及晋升和终身职位的决定时应该考虑。
Background: Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, most faculty in science, technology, engineering, mathematics, and medicine (STEMM) began working from home, including many who were simultaneously caring for children. The objective was to assess associations of gender and parental status with self-reported academic productivity before (i.e., mid-January to mid-March 2020) and during the pandemic (i.e., mid-March to mid-May 2020).Materials and Methods: STEMM faculty in the United States (N = 284, 67.6% women, 57.0% with children younger than the age of 18 years living at home) completed a survey about the number of hours worked and the frequency of academic productivity activities.Results: There was no significant difference in the hours worked per week by gender (men, M [standard deviation, SD] = 45.8 [16.7], women = 43.1 [16.3]). Faculty with 0-5-year-old children reported significantly fewer work hours (33.7 [13.9]) compared to all other groups (No children = 49.2 [14.9], 6-11 years old = 48.3 [13.9], and 12-17 years old = 49.5 [13.9], p < 0.0001). Women's self-reported first/corresponding author's and coauthor's article submissions decreased significantly between the two time periods; men's productivity metrics did not change. Faculty with 0-5-year-old children completed significantly fewer peer review assignments, attended fewer funding panel meetings, and submitted fewer first authors' articles during the pandemic compared to the previous period. Those with children aged 6 years or older at home or without children at home reported significant increases or stable productivity.Conclusions: Overall, significant disparities were observed in academic productivity by gender and child age during the pandemic and if confirmed by further research, should be considered by academic institutions and funding agencies when making decisions regarding funding and hiring as well as promotion and tenure.