MENTAL TERMS IN MOTHERS AND CHILDRENS SPEECH - SIMILARITIES AND RELATIONSHIPS
MENTAL TERMS IN MOTHERS AND CHILDRENS SPEECH - SIMILARITIES AND RELATIONSHIPS
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DOI：
10.1017/s0305000900011594
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发表时间：
1992-10-01
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
CHIASSON, L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
FURROW, D;MOORE, C;CHIASSON, L
在这项研究中，研究了母亲和他们的孩子在两岁和三岁时言语中的心理术语，以检验母婴使用之间的关系。当孩子2岁时，19个母亲和孩子在两天中的每一天都被录像一小时，当他们3岁时，他们在不同的日子里再次进行两次一小时的会议，并记录下心理术语。使用心理术语的话语是为功能而编码的。结果支持了儿童心理术语使用的现有图景。很少有术语出现在2；o中，但许多术语在3：0中使用，思想和知识占主导地位。心理术语更多地出现在用于调节参与者之间互动的话语中，而不是出现在涉及心理状态的话语中。孩子们的心理术语使用与他们的母亲如出一辙。此外，母亲在孩子2岁时对特定功能的心理术语的使用预测了孩子在3；0岁时的心理术语使用情况。虽然没有关于因果关系的结论，但我们的发现表明，心理状态语言的发展，从而可能是一种心理理论，是由语言环境促进的。具体地说，有人认为，母亲倾向于通过谈论心理过程来将孩子的注意力集中在这些心理过程上，更重要的是，通过使用可以想象到引导孩子反思自己心理状态的话语类型，这种倾向与儿童使用心理术语有关。
In this study, mental terms in mothers' and their children's speech at two and three years of age were studied in order to examine the relationships between maternal and child use. Nineteen mother and child dyads were videotaped for one hour on each of two days when the children were 2;o and again for two one-hour sessions on separate days when they were 3;o, and mental terms were noted. The utterances in which mental terms were used were coded for function. Results supported the existing picture of children's mental term use. Few terms appeared at 2;o, but many were used at 3-0 with think and know predominating. Mental terms occurred more commonly in utterances used to regulate the interaction between the participants than in utterances referring to mental states. Children's mental term use mirrored that of their mothers. Further, mothers' use of mental terms for particular functions when their children were 2;0 predicted their children's use at 3;0. While allowing no conclusions about causation, our findings suggest that the development of mental state language, and thus presumably a theory of mind, is fostered by the linguistic environment. Specifically, it is argued that the tendency of mothers to focus their children's attention on mental processes by talking about them and, more importantly, by using utterance types which conceivably direct the children to reflect on their own mental states, is associated with children's use of mental terms.