How Are Traits Related to Problem Behavior in Preschoolers? Similarities and Contrasts Between Temperament and Personality
How Are Traits Related to Problem Behavior in Preschoolers? Similarities and Contrasts Between Temperament and Personality
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DOI：
10.1007/s10802-008-9290-0
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发表时间：
2009-04-01
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Van Leeuwen, Karla G.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
De Pauw, Sarah S. W.;Mervielde, Ivan;Van Leeuwen, Karla G.
缺乏有关气质模型和人格的实证研究阻碍了概念整合，并阻碍了将童年特征与问题行为或适应不良联系起来的研究。本研究以443名学龄前儿童为样本，通过三种气质模型（Thomas and Chess, Buss and Plomin, and Rothbart）和基于五因素的人格模型来评估儿童适应不良与特征之间的关系。充分的可靠性和预期的因素结构证明了大多数量表。结合28个气质和18个人格量表的联合主成分分析表明，一个六因素模型，区分社交性，活动性，责任心，不愉快性，情绪性和敏感性。回归分析显示，虽然单一的气质和人格量表解释了23%至37%的问题行为差异，但六个成分解释了41%至49%的问题行为差异，并且在cbcl -问题量表之间提供了更清晰的区分。这种针对年龄的分类法改进并证实了基于叙述性评论的结论，并提供了一种更平衡的特质-适应不良关系的观点。
The lack of empirical research relating temperament models and personality hinders conceptual integration and holds back research linking childhood traits to problem behavior or maladjustment. This study evaluates, within a sample of 443 preschoolers, the relationships between children's maladaptation and traits measured by three temperament models (Thomas and Chess, Buss and Plomin, and Rothbart), and a Five-Factor based personality model. Adequate reliabilities and expected factor structures are demonstrated for most scales. A joint principal component analysis combining 28 temperament and 18 personality scales indicates a six-factor model, distinguishing Sociability, Activity, Conscientiousness, Disagreeableness, Emotionality, and Sensitivity. Regression analyses reveal that although single temperament and personality scales explain from 23% to 37% of problem behavior variance, the six components explain from 41% to 49% and provide a clearer differentiation among CBCL-problem scales. This age-specific taxonomy refines and corroborates conclusions based on narrative reviews and furnishes a more balanced view of trait-maladjustment relationships.