The Result of a Baseline Survey on Drink Driving in Nanning and Liuzhou of Guangxi Province, China
The Result of a Baseline Survey on Drink Driving in Nanning and Liuzhou of Guangxi Province, China
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DOI：
10.1080/15389588.2012.701785
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发表时间：
2013-02
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
A. Yuan;Ying Li;Junhua Zhang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. Yuan;Ying Li;Junhua Zhang
目的：由于中国关于酒后驾驶事故及相关伤亡事故的官方数据远低于世界上许多发达国家和发展中国家，全球道路安全伙伴关系（GRSP）决定开展基线调查，了解广西南宁市和柳州市酒后驾驶及相关事故的发生率，以便制定有针对性的干预措施。方法：基线调查包括路边调查和事故调查。路边调查中随机停车对机动车（含摩托车）驾驶人进行呼气测试和访谈。在事故调查中，所有发生导致至少1人死亡或重伤的交通事故的司机都被要求提供血样。结果：共有10,685名驾驶员接受了随机呼气测试，10,666名驾驶员接受了路边调查。对原始（未加权）呼气酒精读数的检查显示，在 10,685 名接受呼气测试的驾驶员中，730 名（6.8%）的血液酒精浓度 (BAC) 呈阳性；其中 245 名驾驶员（占所有驾驶员的 2.3%）的 BAC 低于 20 毫克/100 毫升； 415 人（占所有驾驶员的 3.9%）酒后驾驶（DUI；20 毫克/100 毫升–80 毫克/100 毫升）； 70 名（占所有驾驶员的 0.7%）醉酒驾驶（DWI；≥0.80 毫克/100 毫升）。总体而言，4.6% 的驾驶员 BAC 超过 20 毫克/100 毫升（中国法定 BAC 最低限值）。在 10,666 名接受采访的驾驶员中，只有 4.8% 的人了解国家 BAC 最低限值（20 毫克/100 毫升）； 24.9%的人酒后驾车曾受到其他人的劝阻； 78%的人在过去两年（2005年至2006年）期间从未被交警拦下进行BAC检查，只有0.3%的人因酒后驾驶受到过处罚。事故调查结果显示，平均34.1%的道路交通事故（南宁：25.7%；柳州：48%）与饮酒有关；事故中驾驶员的BAC平均水平为156.7毫克/100毫升，最高为310毫克/100毫升。结论：基线调查获得了有价值的信息，有助于更好地了解南宁市和柳州市的酒后驾驶情况。从调查数据可以看出，酒后驾驶是两个城市的一个主要问题。 2008 年进行的调查后，酒后驾驶干预措施由公共教育/社会营销和执法活动两部分组成。然而，本文将重点关注基线调查的方法和结果，而不是干预措施的活动和结果。
Objective: Because the official data in China on drink-driving accidents as well as related fatalities and injuries are much lower than many of the developed and developing countries in the world, the Global Road Safety Partnership (GRSP) decided to conduct a baseline survey to understand the prevalence of drink driving and related accidents in Nanning and Liuzhou, both in Guangxi Province, in order to develop targeted interventions. Methods: The baseline survey included a roadside survey and an accident survey. Motor vehicle (including motorcycles) drivers were randomly stopped for a breath test and interview in the roadside survey. In the accident survey, all drivers involved in a road accident resulting in at least 1 person killed or seriously injured were requested to provide a blood sample. Results: A total of 10,685 drivers accepted the random breath test and 10,666 drivers were interviewed in the roadside survey. An examination of the raw (unweighted) breath alcohol readings reveals that of the 10,685 breath-tested drivers, 730 (6.8%) had positive blood alcohol concentrations (BACs); 245 of these drivers (2.3% of all drivers) had BACs below 20 mg/100 mL; 415 (3.9% of all drivers) were driving under the influence (DUI; 20 mg/100 mL–80 mg/100 mL); and 70 (0.7% of all drivers) were driving while intoxicated (DWI; ≥0.80 mg/100 mL). Overall, 4.6 percent of the drivers had BACs over 20 mg/100 mL (the lowest legal BAC limit in China). Among the 10,666 interviewed drivers, only 4.8 percent were aware of the lowest national BAC limit (20 mg/100 mL); 24.9 percent had been discouraged by other people from driving after drinking; 78 percent had never been stopped by the traffic police for a BAC check during the last 2 years (during 2005–2006), and only 0.3 percent had been punished for drink driving. The accident survey results revealed that an average of 34.1 percent of road accidents (Nanning: 25.7%; Liuzhou: 48%) were alcohol related; the mean BAC level of the drivers in the accidents was 156.7 mg/100 mL and the highest was 310 mg/100 mL. Conclusions: Valuable information was obtained from the baseline survey to provide a better understanding of the drink driving situation in Nanning and Liuzhou. From the survey data it can be seen that drinking and driving was a major issue in both cities. A drink driving intervention was developed with both components of public education/social marketing and enforcement activities after the survey, which was conducted in 2008. However, this article will focus on the methodology and results of the baseline survey, not the activities and outcome of the intervention.