Differential expression of Exaiptasia pallida GIMAP genes upon induction of apoptosis and autophagy suggests a potential role in cnidarian symbiosis and disease
Differential expression of Exaiptasia pallida GIMAP genes upon induction of apoptosis and autophagy suggests a potential role in cnidarian symbiosis and disease
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DOI：
10.1242/jeb.229906
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发表时间：
2020-11-01
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Poole, Angela Z.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bailey, Grace F.;Coelho, Jenny C.;Poole, Angela Z.
珊瑚礁是世界上最具生产力和多样性的生态系统之一，目前受到各种压力的威胁，导致白化和疾病的流行。因此，了解参与这些反应的分子机制对于减轻未来对珊瑚礁的损害至关重要。免疫相关蛋白GTP酶（GIMAP）是一组可能参与刺胞动物免疫和共生的基因。在脊椎动物中，该蛋白质家族参与调节发育中淋巴细胞的命运，并与参与细胞凋亡和自噬的蛋白质相互作用。由于细胞凋亡，自噬和免疫力先前已被证明参与刺胞动物共生和疾病，本研究的目标是确定刺胞动物GIMAPs在这些过程中使用海葵Exaiptasia苍白的作用。为了做到这一点，GIMAP基因在E.使用qPCR测量苍白球基因组和基因表达的变化，以响应细胞凋亡、自噬的化学诱导和用免疫刺激剂脂多糖（LPS）处理的非共生和共生海葵。结果表明，在大肠杆菌中存在4个GIMAP类基因。pallida，简称Ep GIMAPs。诱导细胞凋亡和自噬导致Ep GIMAPs的普遍下调，但没有观察到显着的变化，响应LPS治疗。这表明Ep_GIMAPs可能参与了细胞凋亡和自噬的调控，从而在刺胞藻-甲藻共生中发挥作用。总体而言，这些结果增加了我们的知识GIMAPs的功能在一个基础后生动物。
Coral reefs, one of the world's most productive and diverse ecosystems, are currently threatened by a variety of stressors that result in increased prevalence of both bleaching and disease. Therefore, understanding the molecular mechanisms involved in these responses is critical to mitigate future damage to the reefs. One group of genes that is potentially involved in cnidarian immunity and symbiosis is GTPases of immunity associated proteins (GIMAP). In vertebrates, this family of proteins is involved in regulating the fate of developing lymphocytes and interacts with proteins involved in apoptosis and autophagy. As apoptosis, autophagy and immunity have previously been shown to be involved in cnidarian symbiosis and disease, the goal of this research was to determine the role of cnidarian GIMAPs in these processes using the anemone Exaiptasia pallida. To do so, GIMAP genes were characterized in the E. pallida genome and changes in gene expression were measured using qPCR in response to chemical induction of apoptosis, autophagy and treatment with the immune stimulant lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in both aposymbiotic and symbiotic anemones. The results revealed four GIMAP-like genes in E. pallida, referred to as Ep GIMAPs. Induction of apoptosis and autophagy resulted in a general downregulation of Ep GIMAPs, but no significant changes were observed in response to LPS treatment. This indicates that Ep_GIMAPs may be involved in the regulation of apoptosis and autophagy, and therefore could play a role in cnidarian-dinoflagellate symbiosis. Overall, these results increase our knowledge on the function of GIMAPs in a basal metazoan.