Characteristics of Beach Erosion due to the 2011 Tohoku Earthquake and Tsunami and Its Recovery across the Entire Inundated Area
Characteristics of Beach Erosion due to the 2011 Tohoku Earthquake and Tsunami and Its Recovery across the Entire Inundated Area
复制标题
2011年东北地震和海啸造成的海滩侵蚀特征及其整个淹没区的恢复
DOI：
10.2112/si75-251.1
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发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
K. Udo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
K. Tojo;K. Udo
摘要熏，T。和Udo，K.，2016. 2011年日本东北地震和海啸造成的海滩侵蚀分析。In：Vila-Concejo，A.;布鲁斯，E.;肯尼迪，D.M.，和McCarroll，R.J.（eds.），第14届国际沿海研讨会论文集（澳大利亚悉尼）。沿海研究杂志，特刊，第75号，页。1252 - 1256年。椰子溪（佛罗里达），ISSN 0749-0208。2011年的东北大地震和海啸，由于地震引起的地面沉降和海啸侵蚀造成的淹没，海滩大面积消失。本研究旨在调查2011年地震和海啸的一般特征，并确定造成海滩破坏的因素。这项研究的重点是从青森县到千叶县的74个海滩，包括那些损害不明显的海滩。卫星和航空图像分析表明，海滩消失的主要因素不是地震造成的地面沉降造成的淹没，而是海啸造成的沉积物搬运造成的侵蚀。在许多情况下，当海啸漫过海堤时，海滩退缩量显著增加，导致海堤倒塌。还从数量上证实，海堤的存在可能大大减少了海滩的侵蚀。在2011年海啸和地震发生三年后，三陆海岸的海滩和其他地区的海滩的恢复率有所不同。在Rias地形的Sanriku海岸的许多海滩上，该比率≤25%，而在整个仙台平原南部，该比率≥75%。
ABSTRACT Kaoru, T. and Udo, K., 2016. Analysis of beach erosion because of the 2011 Tohoku earthquake and tsunami. In: Vila-Concejo, A.; Bruce, E.; Kennedy, D.M., and McCarroll, R.J. (eds.), Proceedings of the 14th International Coastal Symposium (Sydney, Australia). Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue, No. 75, pp. 1252 - 1256. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208. The 2011 Tohoku earthquake and tsunami caused the disappearance of beaches over a wide area because of inundation accompanying the land subsidence caused by the earthquake and because of tsunami erosion. This study aims to investigate the general characteristics of the 2011 earthquake and tsunami and identify the factors that caused beach damage. The study focuses on 74 beaches from Aomori Prefecture to Chiba Prefecture, including those where the damage was insignificant. Satellite and aerial image analyses demonstrated that the main factor in beach disappearance was not inundation following land subsidence caused by the earthquake but erosion because of sediment transport by the tsunami. There were many cases where a significant increase in the amount of beach retreat occurred when the tsunami overflowed a seawall, leading to the collapse of the seawall. It was also quantitatively confirmed that beach erosion could have been significantly reduced by the survival of the seawall. Three years after the 2011 tsunami and earthquake, the recovery rates differed between beaches on the Sanriku coast and those in other areas. The rate was ≤25% for many beaches on the Sanriku coast of the Rias terrain and ≥75% throughout the south of the Sendai plain.