Variable responses of skinks to a common history of rainforest fluctuation: concordance between phylogeography and palaeo-distribution models
Variable responses of skinks to a common history of rainforest fluctuation: concordance between phylogeography and palaeo-distribution models
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1365-294x.2008.04035.x
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发表时间：
2009-02-01
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Carnaval, Ana C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Moussalli, Adnan;Moritz, Craig;Carnaval, Ana C.
人们越来越认识到第四纪晚期气候波动对物种空间格局和遗传多样性的影响。一个主要的挑战是了解物种如何以及为何对气候引起的栖息地波动的共同历史做出个体反应。在这里，我们结合古分布和线粒体 DNA 系统发育模型来比较三种不同气候偏好的雨林石龙子 (Saproscincus spp.) 种群持久性和隔离的空间模式。使用赤池信息标准模型平均预测，所有三个物种预计在北部湿热带地区维持一个或多个小种群，在中部地区维持多个或较大种群，而在南部则维持很少的种群。对于高海拔物种 Saproscincus czechurai 来说，全新世中期的暖湿气候是最受限制的，而对于普通的 S. basiliscus 和低海拔的 S. tetradactyla 来说，冷干的末次盛冰期是最受限制的。正如预期的那样，S. czechurai 是最具遗传结构的物种，尽管相对于模型分布而言，S. basiliscus 在南部雨林分离株中具有令人惊讶的深层系统发育地理学结构，这意味着长期隔离和持久存在。对于 S. basiliscus 和 S. tetradactyla 来说，湿热带中部地区都存在高度的遗传多样性和复杂的系统发育地理模式，反映了大规模、结构化种群的持续存在。先前确定的分隔北部和中部地区的替代屏障得到了支持，这些物种的结果也强调了另一个生物地理断裂点塔利峡谷以南种群的历史持久性。总体而言，结果支持这样的论点：在地形异质景观中，具有更广泛气候生态位的物种可能由于在不同气候下的持久性而保持更高和更结构化的遗传多样性。
There is a growing appreciation of impacts of late-Quaternary climate fluctuations on spatial patterns of species and genetic diversity. A major challenge is to understand how and why species respond individualistically to a common history of climate-induced habitat fluctuation. Here, we combine modelling of palaeo-distributions and mitochondrial-DNA phylogeographies to compare spatial patterns of population persistence and isolation across three species of rainforest skinks (Saproscincus spp.) with varying climatic preferences. Using Akaike Information Criterion model-averaged projections, all three species are predicted to have maintained one or more small populations in the northern Wet Tropics, multiple or larger populations in the central region, and few if any in the south. For the high-elevation species, Saproscincus czechurai, the warm-wet climate of the mid Holocene was most restrictive, whereas for the generalist S. basiliscus and lower-elevation S. tetradactyla, the cool-dry last glacial maximum was most restrictive. As expected, S. czechurai was the most genetically structured species, although relative to modelled distributions, S. basiliscus had surprisingly deep phylogeographical structure among southern rainforest isolates, implying long-term isolation and persistence. For both S. basiliscus and S. tetradactyla, there was high genetic diversity and complex phylogeographical patterns in the central Wet Tropics, reflecting persistence of large, structured populations. A previously identified vicariant barrier separating northern and central regions is supported, and results from these species also emphasize a historical persistence of populations south of another biogeographical break, the Tully Gorge. Overall, the results support the contention that in a topographically heterogeneous landscape, species with broader climatic niches may maintain higher and more structured genetic diversity due to persistence through varying climates.