Modeling Stable Auroral Red (SAR) Arcs at Geomagnetic Conjugate Points: Implications for Hemispheric Asymmetries in Heat Fluxes

Modeling Stable Auroral Red (SAR) Arcs at Geomagnetic Conjugate Points: Implications for Hemispheric Asymmetries in Heat Fluxes
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对地磁共轭点处的稳定极光红 (SAR) 弧进行建模:对热通量中半球不对称性的影响

DOI:
10.1029/2019ja026904
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发表时间:
2019
期刊:
Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Wroten, Joei
Wroten, Joei
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Mendillo, Michael;Wroten, Joei

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稳定的极光红弧为研究中纬度地区的内部磁层-电离层耦合提供了机会。一个单一地点的成像系统使用在不同地磁风暴期间观察到的在时间上广泛分离的事件来获得合成孔径雷达弧光亮度和出现率的季节性变化的证据。第一个合成孔径雷达是在地磁共轭点使用两个全天成像仪观测的,描述了同一风暴在同一时间的季节性影响(Martinis,Mendillo等人,2019年,https://doi.org/10.1029/2018JA026018).在这里,我们报道了一些模拟研究,这些研究能够指定每个半球的局部“受体条件”的作用,以及将来自单一源区的驱动能量划分为共轭电离层。2013年6月1日的地磁风暴产生了由共轭全天成像仪观测到的合成孔径雷达弧线,夏季在米尔斯通山(L=2.64)产生73瑞利(R),在当地冬季在罗瑟拉(L=2.92)产生300R。在非相干散射雷达数据不能用于指定输入条件的情况下,我们提出了一种利用非相干散射雷达观测数据来指定局部接收条件的新的模拟方法。其中包括由当地电离层探测仪和DMSP卫星数据校准的半经验模型(国际参考电离层和MSIS)的组合。我们发现,驱动机制(进入电离层的热传导)不是来自环电流源区的能量均匀分配,而是一种在夏半球较弱的机制,那里的局部接收条件准备产生较弱的SAR弧。讨论了合成孔径雷达弧线与最近发现的史蒂夫事件之间的关系,并需要进一步研究。
Stable auroral red (SAR) arcs provide opportunities to study inner magnetosphere‐ionosphere coupling at midlatitudes. An imaging system at a single‐site obtains evidence of seasonal variations in SAR arc brightness and occurrence rates using events widely separated in time, as observed during different geomagnetic storms. The first SAR arc observed using two all‐sky imagers at geomagnetic conjugate points described seasonal effects at the same time for the same storm (Martinis, Mendillo, et al., 2019, https://doi.org/10.1029/2018JA026018). Here we report on modeling studies that enable specification of the roles of local “receptor conditions” in each hemisphere, plus the division of driving energy from a single source region into conjugate ionospheres. The geomagnetic storm of 1 June 2013 produced SAR arcs observed by conjugate all‐sky imagers yielding 73 Rayleighs (R) at Millstone Hill (L= 2.64) in the summer hemisphere, and 300 R during local winter at Rothera (L= 2.92). With incoherent scatter radar data not available to specify input conditions, we offer a new simulation approach using non‐incoherent scatter radar observations to specify local receptor conditions. These include a combination of semiempirical models (International Reference Ionosphere and MSIS) calibrated by local ionosonde and DMSP satellite data. We find that the driving mechanism (heat conduction entering the ionosphere) is not an equal partition of energy from the ring current source region, but one that is weaker in the summer hemisphere where the local receptor conditions are poised to produce fainter SAR arcs. The relationship between SAR arcs and recently discovered STEVE events are discussed and require further study.
非常明亮的合成孔径雷达弧:极端磁层-电离层耦合的影响
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