Contribution of old wheat varieties to climate change mitigation under contrasting managements and rainfed Mediterranean conditions
Contribution of old wheat varieties to climate change mitigation under contrasting managements and rainfed Mediterranean conditions
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.05.188
复制
发表时间：
2018-09
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Guiomar Carranza-Gallego;Gloria I. Guzmán;R. García-Ruiz;M. G. Molina;E. Aguilera
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Guiomar Carranza-Gallego;Gloria I. Guzmán;R. García-Ruiz;M. G. Molina;E. Aguilera
农业约占全球人为温室气体排放量的11%。在地中海农业生态系统中对许多气候变化减缓战略进行了评价，包括其土壤有机碳固存潜力。高残留量的老品种可能是一个有用的替代品，特别是对于缺乏特定遗传物质的有机农业。在这项研究中，旧的和现代的小麦品种进行了评估有机（ORG）和常规（CON）管理在为期3年的田间试验在地中海气候条件下。实地测量的生物量组成部分，文献排放因子，土壤有机碳建模相结合的属性生命周期评估，以估计温室气体从“摇篮到农场大门”。由此产生的老小麦品种基于产量的碳足迹显著低于现代品种，无论是在CON管理下，从263克CO2e kg−1降至144克CO2e kg−1，还是在ORG管理下，从29克CO2e kg− 1降至−43克CO2e kg−1。我们的研究结果表明，在地中海地区的谷物种植系统的气候变化减缓战略应侧重于减少温室气体从机械和化肥的使用，并促进碳固存。有机管理和老品种谷物相结合，可以构成这些系统中一个有希望的气候变化减缓战略，因为有机管理的低面积温室气体排放与这些条件下老品种的碳固存和良好的产量表现相结合。
Agriculture represents about 11% of global anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions (GHGe). Many climate change mitigation strategies have been evaluated in Mediterranean agroecosystems, including their soil organic carbon sequestration potential. High residue yielding old varieties could constitute a useful alternative, especially for organic farming, which lacks specific genetic material. In this study, old and modern wheat varieties were evaluated under organic (ORG) and conventional (CON) management during a 3-year field experiment under rainfed Mediterranean conditions. Field measurements of biomass components, literature emission factors, and soil organic carbon modeling were combined in an attributional Life Cycle Assessment, in order to estimate GHGe from “cradle to farm gate”. The resulting yield-based carbon footprints of old wheat varieties were significantly lower than those of modern varieties both under CON management, decreasing from 263 to 144 g CO2e kg−1, and under ORG management, decreasing from 29 to −43 g CO2e kg−1. Our results indicate that climate change mitigation strategies in Mediterranean rainfed cereal cropping systems should focus on diminishing GHGe from machinery and fertilizer use, and promoting carbon sequestration. The combination of organic management and old cereal varieties can constitute a promising climate change mitigation strategy in these systems, as low area-scaled GHGe of organic management are combined with enhanced carbon sequestration and a good yield performance of old varieties under these conditions.