Effects of cytoskeletal inhibitors on ooplasmic segregation and microtubule organization during fertilization and early development in the ascidian Molgula occidentalis.
Effects of cytoskeletal inhibitors on ooplasmic segregation and microtubule organization during fertilization and early development in the ascidian Molgula occidentalis.
复制标题
细胞骨架抑制剂对海鞘受精和早期发育过程中卵质分离和微管组织的影响。
DOI：
10.1016/0012-1606(89)90230-3
复制
发表时间：
1989
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Gerald Schatten
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tomoo Sawada;Gerald Schatten
研究了微管和微丝抑制剂对西方海鞘（ascidianMolgula occidentalis）受精、孤雌激活和早期发育过程中卵浆分离和微管组织的影响。受精时，卵子皮层收缩为第一阶段运动，线粒体迁移后不久，肌浆月牙发育为第二阶段。微管抑制剂colcolid和nocodazole抑制卵浆分离的第二阶段，而不是第一阶段。微丝抑制剂细胞松弛素E具有抑制第一相而非第二相的相互作用。似乎精子最初可以在卵子表面的任何位置结合，并且在第一阶段和极体形成期间的收缩活动独立于微管系统发生。由于第二阶段的迁移发生在精子星体微管聚集的时候，并且由于微管而不是微丝抑制剂阻止了卵浆分离的这一方面，微管似乎是线粒体迁移所必需的。这些结果表明，海鞘卵浆分离的两个阶段是由不同的系统介导的，第一阶段是微丝，第二阶段是微管。微管和微丝系统似乎是相互独立的，它们的共同作用导致了卵浆分离的完成。在这个模型中，受精后的皮质收缩不仅是第一阶段运动的重要动力，而且是一种将肌浆与进入的精子结合在一起的方法，精子可以在卵子表面的任何地方结合。肌浆成分与生长中的精子之间的关联将确保第二阶段肌浆的迁移和空间分布导致肌浆新月的形成。
The effects of microtubule and microfilament inhibitors on ooplasmic segregation and microtubule organization were examined during fertilization, parthenogenetic activation, and early development in the ascidianMolgula occidentalis. At fertilization the egg cortex contracts as the first phase movement and shortly after mitochondria migrate as the myoplasmic crescent develops in the second phase. The microtubule inhibitors colcemid and nocodazole inhibit the second phase, but not the first phase, of ooplasmic segregation. The microfilament inhibitor cytochalasin E has the reciprocal effect of inhibiting the first, but not the second, phase. It appears that sperm may initially bind at any site on the egg surface and that the contractile activities at the first phase and during polar body formation occur independent of the microtubule system. Since the second phase migration occurs as the sperm astral microtubules assemble and since microtubule, but not microfilament, inhibitors arrest this aspect of ooplasmic segregation, microtubules appear necessary for mitochondrial migration. These results demonstrate that the two phases of ascidian ooplasmic segregation are mediated by different systems, the first by microfilaments and the second by microtubules. The microtubule and microfilament systems appear to operate independent of one another and their combined actions result in the completion of ooplasmic segregation. A model is proposed in which the cortical contraction following fertilization is important not only as the motive force for the first phase movement but also as a method to unite the myoplasm with the entering sperm which can initially bind anywhere on the egg surface. The association between myoplasmic components and the growing sperm aster would ensure that the migration and the spatial distribution of myoplasm in the second phase results in the formation of the myoplasmic crescent.
DOI：
10.1146/annurev.cb.02.110186.001221
发表时间：
1986
期刊：
Annual review of cell biology
影响因子：
--
作者：
J. Gerhart;R. Keller
通讯作者：
J. Gerhart;R. Keller
钙离子载体使海鞘卵中的卵质分离极化。
DOI：
10.1126/science.6803360
发表时间：
1982
期刊：
Science (New York, N.Y.)
影响因子：
--
作者：
Jeffery,WR
通讯作者：
Jeffery,WR