Changing attentional bias: Can it effect self-reported anxiety?
Changing attentional bias: Can it effect self-reported anxiety?
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DOI：
10.1080/10615809808248310
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发表时间：
1998-01-01
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Menzies, RG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Harris, LM;Menzies, RG
在过去的十年中进行的研究表明，焦虑症患者和高特质焦虑的人对焦虑相关的言语信息的注意偏向的发生。调查焦虑症中注意力偏差的存在和重要性的研究表明，注意力偏差是焦虑的可靠相关因素，当焦虑得到成功治疗时，注意力偏差就会减少（例如，Lavy et nl.，1993年）。然而，尽管有人猜测注意力偏差可能会导致焦虑的发展，或有助于维持焦虑，但只有一项实证研究表明，注意力偏差是可能改变的，这对随后的状态焦虑有影响（麦克劳德，1995）。这种示范是至关重要的，在确定焦虑症的注意力偏差的因果关系的地位。本研究报告的方法，调查的因果关系状态的注意偏向焦虑。44名非临床志愿者被随机分配到两种训练条件之一，旨在诱导注意力偏向或远离蜘蛛相关的口头信息。在这项研究中，针对注意力偏差的程序并没有影响自我报告的焦虑，也没有在点探测任务的反应变化概括为第二个常用的注意力偏差的措施，Stroop任务。这些研究结果的中介作用的注意力偏差在焦虑方面的解释被认为是。
Studies conducted over the last decade have demonstrated the occurrence of attentional biases towards anxiety-relevant verbal information in people with anxiety disorders and those with high trait anxiety. Studies investigating the existence and significance of attentional bias in anxiety disorders have shown attentional bias to be a reliable correlate of anxiety that diminishes when anxiety is successfully treated (e.g., Lavy et nl., 1993). However, despite speculation that attentional bias may predispose the development of anxiety, or contribute to maintaining anxiety, only one empirical study has demonstrated that it is possible to alter attentional bias, and that this has an impact on subsequent state anxiety (MacLeod, 1995). Such demonstrations are crucial in determining the causal status of attentional bias in anxiety disorders. The present study reports a methodology for investigating the causal status of attentional bias in anxiety. Forty-four non-clinical volunteers were randomly allocated to one of two training conditions aimed at inducing an attentional bias either towards or away from spider-related verbal information. Procedures targeting attentional bias did not influence self-reported anxiety in this study, nor did changes in responding on the dot probe task generalise to a second commonly used measure of attentional bias, the Stroop task. Explanations of these findings with regard to the mediational role of attentional biases in anxiety are considered.