Investigation of the sensitivity of Plasmopara viticola to amisulbrom and ametoctradin in French vineyards using bioassays and molecular tools
Investigation of the sensitivity of Plasmopara viticola to amisulbrom and ametoctradin in French vineyards using bioassays and molecular tools
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DOI：
10.1002/ps.5461
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发表时间：
2019-08-01
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Barres, Benoit
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Fontaine, Severine;Remuson, Florent;Barres, Benoit
背景复合体III类抑制剂是防治葡萄孢霉病菌的关键化合物。它们很容易产生耐药性，表现为对苯醌类外部抑制剂的耐药性出现。采用生物检测和分子检测相结合的方法，于2012-2017年间对法国葡萄园葡萄疫霉种群进行了对双磺隆和三苯氧胺的敏感性监测。结果发现交替氧化酶(AOX)相关的抗性机制在法国葡萄疫霉种群中普遍存在。对ametoctradin的靶点耐药性于2015年首次检测到，可能是由于细胞色素b基因的单点突变导致了S34L替换。另一项使用实验模型的研究证实了这种替代在对阿美曲丁的耐药性中所起的作用。建立了一种检测突变等位基因的分子生物学方法。到目前为止，这种突变在法国葡萄疫霉种群中的频率很低，而且经常与野生型等位基因共同检测到。结论在调查的每一年都发现了葡萄疫霉对AOX相关抗性的证据，而且在法国葡萄园中的出现似乎随着时间的推移而增加。这种耐药机制目前正在威胁复杂的III类抑制剂在该领域的疗效。S34L等位基因对阿美曲丁的抗性频率很低，在一些人群中抗性表型的不稳定性，表明适合性成本可能与突变有关。(三)2019年化学工业学会
BACKGROUND Complex III inhibitors are key compounds in the control of Plasmopara viticola. They are prone to the development of resistance, as demonstrated by the emergence of resistance to quinone-outside inhibitors. By using a combination of bioassays and molecular methods, we monitored sensitivity to amisulbrom and ametoctradin in P. viticola populations in French vineyards from 2012 to 2017. RESULTS We found that the alternative oxidase (AOX)-related resistance mechanism was common in French P. viticola populations. Target-site resistance to ametoctradin was first detected in 2015 and is likely caused by a single point mutation in the cytochrome b gene, leading to the S34L substitution. The role of this substitution in resistance to ametoctradin was corroborated by another study using an experimental model. A molecular biology method has been developed to detect the mutant allele. To date, the frequency of this mutation is low in French P. viticola populations and it is often co-detected with the wild-type allele. CONCLUSION Populations of P. viticola displaying evidence of AOX-related resistance were detected for every surveyed year, and their occurrence in French vineyards seems to be increasing over time. This resistance mechanism is currently threatening the efficacy of complex III inhibitors in the field. The low frequency of the S34L allele conferring resistance to ametoctradin, and the instability of resistant phenotypes in some populations, suggest that a fitness cost may be associated with the mutation. (c) 2019 Society of Chemical Industry