New Evidence on the Monetary Value of Saving a High Risk Youth
New Evidence on the Monetary Value of Saving a High Risk Youth
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DOI：
10.1007/s10940-008-9057-3
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发表时间：
2009-03-01
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Piquero, Alex R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cohen, Mark A.;Piquero, Alex R.
人们对通过青少年早期干预预防犯罪越来越感兴趣；然而，美国对犯罪问题，特别是青少年犯罪问题的标准对策是增加对惩罚和丧失工作能力的使用和资源分配，而不是预防和治疗。与此同时，对犯罪和犯罪的纵向研究一再证明，过去和未来的行为之间存在着强烈的联系，并发现了一小部分犯罪者，他们犯下了很大比例的刑事犯罪。这些发现表明，如果能够及早和正确地识别这些罪犯，并在生命周期的早期为他们提供预防和治疗资源，他们的犯罪活动可能会减少。虽然研究人员对这些罪犯进行了非常详细的研究，但很少有人关注他们给社会带来的代价。这份文件对高危青年强加给社会的犯罪成本进行了估计。我们的方法遵循并建立在科恩(J Quant Criminol 14：5-33,1998)发展的早期框架和基本方法的基础上，使用对个别犯罪成本的新估计，这些估计更全面，并显著增加了每项犯罪的货币成本。我们还对高危青少年罪犯的潜在犯罪率进行了新的估计。我们估计，将一名14岁的高危青少年从犯罪生活中解救出来的现值为260万至530万美元。同样，在出生时拯救高危青少年将为社会节省260万至440万美元。
There is growing interest in crime prevention through early youth interventions; yet, the standard United States response to the crime problem, particularly among juveniles, has been to increase the use and resource allocation allotted toward punishment and incapacitation and away from prevention and treatment. At the same time, longitudinal studies of delinquency and crime have repeatedly documented a strong link between past and future behavior and have identified a small subset of offenders who commit a large share of criminal offenses. These findings suggest that if these offenders can be identified early and correctly and provided with prevention and treatment resources early in the life course, their criminal activity may be curtailed. While researchers have studied these offenders in great detail, little attention has been paid to the costs they exert on society. This paper provides estimates of the cost of crime imposed on society by high risk youth. Our approach follows and builds upon the early framework and basic methodology developed by Cohen (J Quant Criminol 14: 5-33, 1998), by using new estimates of the costs of individual crimes, ones that are more comprehensive and that significantly increased the monetary cost per crime. We also use new estimates on the underlying offending rate for high risk juvenile offenders. We estimate the present value of saving a 14-year-old high risk juvenile from a life of crime to range from $2.6 to $5.3 million. Similarly, saving a high risk youth at birth would save society between $2.6 and $4.4 million.