Historical analysis of the effects of breeding on the height of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) and consequences for lodging
Historical analysis of the effects of breeding on the height of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) and consequences for lodging
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DOI：
10.1007/s10681-014-1286-y
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发表时间：
2015-05-01
期刊：
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Griffiths, S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Berry, P. M.;Kendall, S.;Griffiths, S.
作物高度和产量之间的关系是复杂的，基因和遗传标记更大的高度与产量的增加和减少。因此，最大潜在产量的最佳高度并没有得到很好的理解，估计在70至100厘米之间。这项研究通过分析1977年至2013年期间从英国国家品种试验中收集的稻草短粗分数和绝对高度数据，调查了植物育种对英国冬小麦品种高度的影响。分析表明，在20世纪70年代初和1980年之间引进的品种将株高缩短了约15厘米（110-95厘米），然后到20世纪90年代逐渐减少到约88厘米。1990年至2013年期间，身高没有明显趋势。据估计，1970年至2000年期间株高的降低足以抵消这一时期新品种产量潜力增加约3吨/公顷所造成的倒伏风险增加。据预测，自2000年以来引进的品种的倒伏风险可能会增加，由于产量潜力的进一步增加和进一步缩短的情况下。英国植物育种家没有继续缩短小麦的可能原因被认为是。
The relationship between crop height and yield is complex with genes and genetic markers for greater height associated with both increases and decreases in yield. As a result of this the optimum height for maximum potential yield is not well understood and has been estimated at between 70 and 100 cm. This study investigated the effect of plant breeding on the height of UK winter wheat varieties by analysing data on straw shortness scores and absolute height collected from UK national variety testing trials between 1977 and 2013. The analysis showed that varietal introductions between the early 1970s and 1980 shortened plant height by approximately 15 cm (110-95 cm) followed by a gradual reduction to about 88 cm by the 1990s. There was no significant trend in height between 1990 and 2013. It was estimated that the reduction in plant height between 1970 and 2000 would have been sufficient to counteract the increase in lodging risk caused by the increase in yield potential of new varieties over this period of approximately 3 t/ha. It is predicted that the lodging risk of varieties introduced since 2000 are likely to have increased due to further increases in yield potential and the absence of further shortening. Possible reasons why UK plant breeders have not continued to shorten wheat are considered.