Atmospheric emission inventory of multiple pollutants from civil aviation in China: Temporal trend, spatial distribution characteristics and emission features analysis
Atmospheric emission inventory of multiple pollutants from civil aviation in China: Temporal trend, spatial distribution characteristics and emission features analysis
复制标题
中国民航大气多种污染物排放清单：时间趋势、空间分布特征及排放特征分析
DOI：
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.07.407
复制
发表时间：
2019-01-15
影响因子：
9.8
通讯作者：
Wu, Bobo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Liu, Huanjia;Tian, Hezhong;Wu, Bobo
首次采用自下而上和自上而下相结合的方法，编制了1980-2015年中国民航多种大气污染物的详细综合排放清单。随着经济总量和人口的增加，各类污染物的年排放量呈现沿着快速上升的趋势，预计年排放量约为4.77 kt HC、59.63 kt CO、304.77 kt NOx、59,961 kt CO2、19.04 kt SO2、332 kt PM2.5、1.59 kt BC、1.06 kt OC和5.44 t重金属（HMs）。到2015年，分别。通过估算国内208个民用机场的本地污染物排放量，并利用航线距离、货运量和旅客周转量等替代指标，将国内299个主要航段的巡航污染物排放总量进行了分配，结果表明，我国中东部地区的排放强度远高于东北部和西部地区，这些地区人口密度高，经济总量大，以及过境便利。此外，我们还探索了2015年不同运行模式下多种污染物的排放特征。对于PM2.5、SO2/CO2/HMs和NOx，巡航过程的排放构成了主要贡献者，分别占相关总排放量的89%、92%和81%，而着陆和起飞（LTO）过程的CO和HC排放量分别占总排放量的76%和71%。因此，由于航空燃油的燃烧状态不同，不同飞行过程的排放特性也有很大差异。此外，本文还对三种情景下中国民航业多污染物排放的未来趋势进行了预测，预测结果表明，新技术进步或新国家标准带来的多污染物排放减少将在很大程度上被航空燃油快速增长带来的多污染物排放增加所抵消。(C)2018爱思唯尔B. V.保留所有权利。
A detailed comprehensive emission inventory of multiple air pollutants from civil aviation in China for the historical period of 1980-2015 is developed by using an approach of combining bottom-up with top-down for the first time. Annual emissions of various pollutants present a rapidly ascending trend along with the increase of economic volume and population, which are estimated at approximately 4.77 kt HC, 59.63 kt CO, 304.77 kt NOx, 59,961 kt CO2, 19.04 kt SO2, 332 kt PM2.5, 1.59 kt BC, 1.06 kt OC and 5.44 t heavy metals (HMs), respectively, by the year 2015. We estimate the local emissions in 208 domestic civil airports and allocate the total cruise emissions onto 299 main domestic flight segments with surrogate indexes, such as route distance, cargo and passenger turnover.The results demonstrate that emission intensities in central and eastern China are much higher than those in northeastern and western China, and these regions are characterized with high population density, huge economy volume, as well as transit convenience. Furthermore, we have explored emission characteristics of multiple pollutants under different operation modes in 2015. For PM2.5, SO2/CO2/HMs and NOx, the emissions from cruise process constitute the dominant contributor with a share of 89%, 92% and 81%, of the associated total emissions, respectively, comparing with 76% and 71% of the total CO and HC emissions release from landing and Takeoff (LTO) process. Consequently, there are notably different emission characteristics from different flight processes due to various combustion status of aviation fuel. In addition, we predict the future trends of multi-pollutants emissions from China's civil aviation industry through 2050 under three scenarios, and the results indicate that the reduction from the improvement of new technology or new national standards would be largely offset by the rise in multi-pollutants emissions from rapidly aviation fuel growth. (C) 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.