Mitigation of chlorpyrifos runoff using constructed wetlands.
Mitigation of chlorpyrifos runoff using constructed wetlands.
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DOI：
10.1016/s0045-6535(01)00189-8
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发表时间：
2002-02
期刊：
影响因子：
8.8
通讯作者：
M. Moore;R. Schulz;Charles M. Cooper;Sammie Smith;J. Rodgers
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Moore;R. Schulz;Charles M. Cooper;Sammie Smith;J. Rodgers
人工湿地已被提出作为一种潜在的最佳管理实践（BMP）来减轻农药相关农业径流的影响。用毒死蜱对14 m ×59-73 m湿地中生态系统进行了修正，模拟了浓度为73、147和733 μg/l的暴雨径流事件。每周收集的水、沉积物和植物样本表明，毒死蜱对沉积物和植物物质的吸附速度很快，约有47-65%的毒死蜱残留在湿地中生态系统的前30-36 m内。在测量的质量中，大约55%和25%分别被沉积物和植物保留。在南非开普敦的洛伦斯河流域对人工湿地的减灾能力进行了实地评估。结果表明，该湿地能够保留并显著降低进入接收水体（洛伦斯河）的毒死蜱和悬浮沉积物的浓度（从而降低毒性）。本研究提供了关于人工湿地能力的基本答案，这是在农业流域内构建农田尺度系统所必需的。
Constructed wetlands have been proposed as a potential best management practice (BMP) to mitigate effects of pesticide-associated agricultural runoff. Wetland mesocosms (14 m ×59–73 m ) were amended with chlorpyrifos to simulate a storm runoff event at concentrations of 73, 147 and 733 μg/l. Water, sediment and plant samples collected weekly for 12 weeks indicated that chlorpyrifos rapidly sorbed to sediment and plant material, with approximately 47–65% of measured chlorpyrifos mass retained within the first 30–36 m of wetland mesocosms. Of the measured mass, approximately 55% and 25% were retained by sediments and plants, respectively. A field-scale evaluation of a constructed wetland's mitigation capability was performed in the Lourens River watershed of Cape Town, South Africa. Results indicate that the wetland was able to retain and considerably decrease the concentration (and hence toxicity) of chlorpyrifos and suspended sediment entering the receiving waterbody (Lourens River). This research provides fundamental answers concerning constructed wetland capabilities that are necessary for constructing field-scale systems within agricultural watersheds.