Effect of changing groundwater levels caused by land-use changes on greenhouse gas fluxes from tropical peat lands
Effect of changing groundwater levels caused by land-use changes on greenhouse gas fluxes from tropical peat lands
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DOI：
10.1007/s10705-004-5286-5
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发表时间：
2005-01-01
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Tsuruta, H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Furukawa, Y;Inubushi, K;Tsuruta, H
对位于印度尼西亚詹比省的4个地点（排水林、高地木薯、高地和低地稻田）泥炭土壤中的二氧化碳（CO2）、甲烷（CH 4）和氧化亚氮（N2 O）通量进行了每月一次的测量，并与地下水位进行了一年的比较。沼泽森林土壤的通量也测量了一次，每年作为本调查区的原生状态。从排水林到低地稻田的土地利用变化显著降低了土壤中CO2（从266到30 mg Cm（-2）h（-1））和N2 O（从25.4到3.8 μ g Nm（-2）h（-1））的通量，但增加了CH 4通量（从0.1到4.2 mg Cm（-2）h（-1））。从排水林到木薯地的变化显著增加了土壤N2 O通量（从25.4到62.2 μ g Nm（-2）h（-1）），但对土壤CO2（从266到200 mg Cm（-2）h（-1））和CH 4通量（从0.1到0.3 mg Cm（-2）h（-1））没有显著影响。沼泽森林的平均CO2通量（94 mg C m（-2）h（-1））估计为排水森林的三分之一。排水沟降低了森林和高地作物田的地下水位，而沼泽森林和低地稻田则被洪水淹没，尽管地下水位也受到降水的影响。地下水位与CO2通量呈负相关，与CH 4通量呈正相关。N_2O通量的峰值出现在地下水位-20 cm处。在本研究中，地下水位降低10 cm，CO2排放量增加50%（从109.1 mg Cm（-2）h（-1）增加到162.4 mg Cm（-2）h（-1）），CH 4排放量减少25%（从0.440 mg Cm（-2）h（-1）减少到0.325 mg Cm（-2）h（-1））。这些结果表明，泥炭地排水沟降低地下水位有助于全球变暖和农田破坏。沼泽林可能是抑制碳损失和温室气体排放的最佳土地利用管理方式。低地稻田在固碳和温室气体排放方面均优于泥炭地。低地稻田的碳损失是其他高地作物系统的八分之一，尽管全球变暖潜势与其他高地作物系统几乎相同，因为水稻植株排放的CH 4。
Monthly measurements of carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) fluxes in peat soils were carried out and compared with groundwater level over a year at four sites (drained forest, upland cassava, upland and lowland paddy fields) located in Jambi province, Indonesia. Fluxes from swamp forest soils were also measured once per year as the native state of this investigated area. Land-use change from drained forest to lowland paddy field significantly decreased the CO2 (from 266 to 30 mg C m(-2) h(-1)) and N2O fluxes (from 25.4 to 3.8 mu g N m(-2) h(-1)), but increased the CH4 flux (from 0.1 to 4.2 mg C m(-2) h(-1)) in the soils. Change from drained forest to cassava field significantly increased N2O flux (from 25.4 to 62.2 mu g N m(-2) h(-1)), but had no significant influence on CO2 (from 266 to 200 mg C m(-2) h(-1)) and CH4 fluxes (from 0.1 to 0.3 mg C m(-2) h(-1)) in the soils. Averaged CO2 fluxes in the swamp forests (94 mg C m(-2) h(-1)) were estimated to be one-third of that in the drained forest. Groundwater levels of drained forest and upland crop fields had been lowered by drainage ditches while swamp forest and lowland paddy field were flooded, although groundwater levels were also affected by precipitation. Groundwater levels were negatively related to CO2 flux but positively related to CH4 flux at all investigation sites. The peak of the N2O flux was observed at -20 cm of groundwater level. Lowering the groundwater level by 10 cm from the soil surface resulted in a 50% increase in CO2 emission (from 109.1 to 162.4 mg C m(-2) h(-1)) and a 25% decrease in CH4 emission (from 0.440 to 0.325 mg C m(-2) h(-1)) in this study. These results suggest that lowering of groundwater level by the drainage ditches in the peat lands contributes to global warming and devastation of fields. Swamp forest was probably the best land-use management in peat lands to suppress the carbon loss and greenhouse gas emission. Lowland paddy field was a better agricultural system in the peat lands in terms of C sequestration and greenhouse gas emission. Carbon loss from lowland paddy field was one-eighth of that of the other upland crop systems, although the Global Warming Potential was almost the same level as that of the other upland crop systems because of CH4 emission through rice plants.