Typicality of Thermal Equilibrium and Thermalization in Isolated Macroscopic Quantum Systems

Typicality of Thermal Equilibrium and Thermalization in Isolated Macroscopic Quantum Systems
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孤立宏观量子系统中热平衡和热化的典型性

DOI:
10.1007/s10955-016-1511-2
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发表时间:
2016
影响因子:
1.6
通讯作者:
Hal Tasaki
Hal Tasaki
中科院分区:
物理与天体物理3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Encrenaz;T.;T.K. Greathouse;M.J. Richter;C. DeWitt;T. Widemann;B. Bezard;T. Fouchet;S.K. Atreya;H. Sagawa;Hal Tasaki

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基于热平衡应该通过宏观观测来表征的观点,我们发展了宏观量子系统中热平衡的典型性和热平衡方法的一般理论。我们首先用公式表示孤立量子系统中的纯态代表热平衡的概念。然后,通过假设,或证明在某些类的非平凡模型(包括两个机构的热接触),大偏差型边界(我们称之为热力学边界)的微正则系综,我们证明,以代表热平衡是一个典型的性质,纯态的微正则能量壳。我们相信,典型性,沿着统计力学的经验成功,为平衡统计力学提供了一个合理的理由。我们还建立了两个不同的假设下的热平衡的方法,一个是初始状态有一个温和的能量分布,另一个是能量本征态热化假设。
Based on the view that thermal equilibrium should be characterized through macroscopic observations, we develop a general theory about typicality of thermal equilibrium and the approach to thermal equilibrium in macroscopic quantum systems. We first formulate the notion that a pure state in an isolated quantum system represents thermal equilibrium. Then by assuming, or proving in certain classes of nontrivial models (including that of two bodies in thermal contact), large-deviation type bounds (which we call thermodynamic bounds) for the microcanonical ensemble, we prove that to represent thermal equilibrium is a typical property for pure states in the microcanonical energy shell. We believe that the typicality, along with the empirical success of statistical mechanics, provides a sound justification of equilibrium statistical mechanics. We also establish the approach to thermal equilibrium under two different assumptions; one is that the initial state has a moderate energy distribution, and the other is the energy eigenstate thermalization hypothesis.
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DOI: --
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DOI: --
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