Identification and characterization of a new isoform of small GTPase RhoE.

Identification and characterization of a new isoform of small GTPase RhoE.
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DOI:
10.1038/s42003-020-01295-4
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发表时间:
2020-10-15
影响因子:
5.9
通讯作者:
Chang J
Chang J
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Dai Y;Luo W;Yue X;Ma W;Wang J;Chang J

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Rho家族由20个成员组成,其中包括RhoE。在这里,我们发现了RhoE的一个短亚型的存在,命名为RhoEα,这是第一个通过替代翻译产生的Rho GTP酶亚型。这种新的异构体的翻译是从RhoE的编码区域下游和框内的另一个起始位置开始的。RhoEα的亚细胞分布与RhoE相似,但其蛋白质稳定性高于RhoE。RhoEα包含与RhoE效应器ROCK1、p190RhoGAP和Syx的结合能力。分别表达RhoE和RhoEα的细胞具有不同的转录水平。这些数据表明,与RhoE相比,RhoEα具有独特且重叠的生物学功能。总之,这项研究揭示了一种新的Rho GTP酶亚型,它是通过替代翻译产生的。这一发现为理解小GTP酶的多种功能提供了一个新的范围,并强调了小GTP酶的复杂性和不同的作用。戴等人。RhoEα是Rho GTP酶家族中的一员,其下游46位密码子的选择性翻译起始产生了RhoE的一个新亚型。与RhoE相比,RhoEα在亚细胞定位上没有不同,但具有更高的蛋白质稳定性和明显的分子信号谱。
The Rho family of GTPases consists of 20 members including RhoE. Here, we discover the existence of a short isoform of RhoE designated as RhoEα, the first Rho GTPase isoform generated from alternative translation. Translation of this new isoform is initiated from an alternative start site downstream of and in-frame with the coding region of the canonical RhoE. RhoEα exhibits a similar subcellular distribution while its protein stability is higher than RhoE. RhoEα contains binding capability to RhoE effectors ROCK1, p190RhoGAP and Syx. The distinct transcriptomes of cells with the expression of RhoE and RhoEα, respectively, are demonstrated. The data propose distinctive and overlapping biological functions of RhoEα compared to RhoE. In conclusion, this study reveals a new Rho GTPase isoform generated from alternative translation. The discovery provides a new scope of understanding the versatile functions of small GTPases and underlines the complexity and diverse roles of small GTPases. Dai et al. report the identification and characterization of a new isoform of RhoE (RhoEα), a member of the Rho GTPase family, which is generated from the same gene by alternative translation initiation at the downstream ATG codon 46. Compared to RhoE, RhoEα does not differ in the subcellular localization but has increased protein stability and distinct molecular signalling profile.
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