The European Union summary report on surveillance for the presence of transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSE) in 2018.
The European Union summary report on surveillance for the presence of transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSE) in 2018.
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DOI：
10.2903/j.efsa.2019.5925
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发表时间：
2019-12-01
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本报告介绍了28个会员国（MS）以及冰岛、北马其顿、挪威和瑞士（非MS）在2018年根据立法对牛、绵羊、山羊、牛和其他物种的传染性海绵状脑病（TSE）进行监测的结果，以及羊的基因分型。总共有1181934头牛接受了多发性硬化症的检测，比2017年减少了10%，而4头非多发性硬化症的检测数量为20402头。2018年，英国报告了一例经典牛海绵状脑病（BSE）病例，该病例是在全面禁止饲料后出生的。法国报告非典型疯牛病3例（l型21例/ h型1例）。全年，欧盟共检测了325386只绵羊和138128只山羊，分别比2017年增长3.4%和17.8%。绵羊共报告羊痒病934例，其中典型羊痒病821例（99例指数，97.8%基因型易感群体），非典型羊痒病113例（105例指数），冰岛和挪威共报告羊痒病29例。随机基因分型仅8只羊报道，排除塞浦路斯后，18.7%的基因分型羊携带易感群体的基因型。在山羊中，报告了523例痒病：7例MS发生517例典型（38例指示病例），4例MS发生6例非典型（所有指示病例）。自2018年1月1日起，在6个MS（爱沙尼亚、芬兰、拉脱维亚、立陶宛、波兰和瑞典）实施了一项为期3年的慢性消耗性疾病（CWD）监测计划，结果对5110名羊进行了检测，并确认了欧盟首例CWD病例：芬兰的一只野生驼鹿。另外6家医院对3075名患者进行了检测，结果均为阴性。2018年，挪威对33037名驯鹿进行了检测，发现了7例新病例：6头驯鹿和1头驼鹿。另外三个物种共105只动物进行了两种MS检测，结果均为阴性。
This report presents the results of surveillance on transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSE) in bovine animals, sheep, goats, cervids and other species, and genotyping in sheep, carried out in 2018 by 28 Member States (MS) according to legislation, and by Iceland, North Macedonia, Norway and Switzerland (non-MS). In total, 1,181,934 cattle were tested by MS, a 10% decrease from 2017 and 20,402 by the four non-MS. One case of classical bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) was reported in 2018 by the UK, born after the enforcement of the total feed ban. Three atypical BSE cases (2L-type/1 H-type) were reported by France. Over the year, a total of 325,386 sheep and 138,128 goats were tested in the EU, an increase of 3.4% and 17.8%, respectively, compared to 2017. In sheep, 934 cases of scrapie were reported: 821 classical (99 index cases and 97.8% with genotypes of susceptible groups) by 7 MS and 113 atypical (105 index cases) by 14 MS. Twenty-nine ovine scrapie cases were reported by Iceland and Norway. Random genotyping was only reported by eight MS and after excluding Cyprus showed that 18.7% of the genotyped sheep carried genotypes of the susceptible groups. In goats, 523 cases of scrapie were reported: 517 classical (38 index cases) by seven MS and six atypical (all index cases) by four MS. The heterogenous enforcement of a 3-year surveillance programme for chronic wasting disease (CWD) from 1/1/2018 in six MS (Estonia, Finland, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland and Sweden) resulted in the testing of 5,110 cervids and the confirmation of the first case of CWD in the EU: a wild moose in Finland. Other six MS tested 3,075 cervids with no positive results. Norway tested 33,037 cervids in 2018, resulting in seven new cases: six reindeer and one moose. In total, 105 animals from three other species were tested by two MS, with negative results.