Neighbourhood deprivation across eight decades and late-life cognitive function in the Lothian Birth Cohort 1936: A life-course study
Neighbourhood deprivation across eight decades and late-life cognitive function in the Lothian Birth Cohort 1936: A life-course study
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八个十年的邻里剥夺和 1936 年洛锡安出生队列的晚年认知功能：一项生命历程研究
DOI：
10.1101/2022.08.16.22278836
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发表时间：
2022
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Baranyi G
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Baranyi G
引言尽管邻里关系可以预测晚年的认知功能，但研究大多依赖于单个时间点的测量，很少有调查应用生命过程方法。此外，目前还不清楚邻里和认知测试分数之间的关联是否与特定的认知领域或一般能力有关。这项研究探讨了如何邻里剥夺跨越八十年的晚年cognitive functions.Methodsdata来自洛锡安出生队列1936年（n= 1,091），通过10个测试在年龄70，73，76，79和82测量认知功能。参与者的居住历史是通过“生命网格”问卷收集的，并与儿童、青年和成年中后期的邻里剥夺有关。协会进行了测试与潜在增长曲线模型的水平和斜率的一般（g）和领域的具体能力结果成年中后期邻里剥夺程度越高，70岁以下邻里剥夺程度越低（β= −0.113，95%置信区间[CI]：−0.205，−0.021），12岁时下降更快（β= −0.160，95%CI：−0.290，−0.031）。最初，领域特异性认知功能（例如处理速度）的明显发现是由于它们与g的共同方差。路径分析表明，儿童邻里的不利间接联系到晚年的认知功能，通过较低的教育和选择性的住宅mobility.ConclusionsTo我们的知识，我们提供了最全面的评估的生命历程邻里剥夺和认知老化的关系。在成年中后期生活在认知功能不全的地区可能直接有助于改善认知功能和减缓衰退，而童年时期的邻里关系可能会通过认知储备影响功能。
Introductionalthough neighbourhood may predict late-life cognitive function, studies mostly rely on measurements at a single time point, with few investigations applying a life-course approach. Furthermore, it is unclear whether the associations between neighbourhood and cognitive test scores relate to specific cognitive domains or general ability. This study explored how neighbourhood deprivation across eight decades contributed to late-life cognitive function.Methodsdata were drawn from the Lothian Birth Cohort 1936 (n= 1,091) with cognitive function measured through 10 tests at ages 70, 73, 76, 79 and 82. Participants’ residential history was gathered with ‘lifegrid’ questionnaires and linked to neighbourhood deprivation in childhood, young adulthood and mid-to-late adulthood. Associations were tested with latent growth curve models for levels and slopes of general (g) and domain-specific abilities (visuospatial ability, memory and processing speed), and life-course associations were explored with path analysis.Resultshigher mid-to-late adulthood neighbourhood deprivation was associated with lower age 70 levels (β= −0.113, 95% confidence intervals [CI]: −0.205, −0.021) and faster decline ofgover 12 years (β= −0.160, 95%CI: −0.290, −0.031). Initially apparent findings with domain-specific cognitive functions (e.g. processing speed) were due to their shared variance withg. Path analyses suggested that childhood neighbourhood disadvantage is indirectly linked to late-life cognitive function through lower education and selective residential mobility.Conclusionsto our knowledge, we provide the most comprehensive assessment of the life-course neighbourhood deprivation and cognitive ageing relationship. Living in advantaged areas in mid-to-late adulthood may directly contribute to better cognitive function and slower decline, whereas an advantaged childhood neighbourhood likely affects functioning through cognitive reserves.