Imaging escape and avoidance behavior in zebrafish larvae.
Imaging escape and avoidance behavior in zebrafish larvae.
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DOI：
10.1515/rns.2011.008
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发表时间：
2011
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Creton R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Colwill RM;Creton R
本文综述了用于测量斑马鱼逃避和回避行为的检测方法，特别关注斑马鱼幼虫发育的第一周。斑马鱼幼虫在接触到触觉、听觉或视觉刺激时会表现出惊吓反应，并会避开黑暗区域、移动物体、同种和开放空间。当幼虫暴露于它们通常会逃避或避免的刺激时，可能会诱发恐惧和焦虑等情绪状态。虽然这些情绪状态可能在物种之间存在差异，并且在发育过程中会发生变化，但可以使用斑马鱼作为模型系统来了解人类的恐惧和焦虑。恐惧和焦虑的分子机制在脊椎动物中是高度保守的，并且存在于早期斑马鱼发育期间。在发育的第一周期间，Larvel表现出对压力的反应，皮质醇水平升高，并且对用于人类焦虑管理的相同抗焦虑药敏感。斑马鱼幼体非常适合于行为的高通量分析，并且已经开发了自动化系统用于成像和分析多孔板中的斑马鱼幼体的行为。这些高通量分析不仅将提供有关影响逃避和回避行为的基因和环境因素以及可能伴随它们的情绪状态的丰富信息，而且还将促进发现可用于人类焦虑症管理的新型药物。
This review provides an overview of the assays that are used for measuring escape and avoidance behavior in zebrafish, with a specific focus on zebrafish larvae during the first week of development. Zebrafish larvae display a startle response when exposed to tactile, acoustic, or visual stimuli and will avoid dark areas, moving objects, conspecifics, and open spaces. Emotional states such as fear and anxiety may be induced when larvae are exposed to stimuli that they would normally escape from or avoid. While these emotional states may differ between species and change during development, much can be learned about human fear and anxiety using zebrafish as a model system. The molecular mechanisms of fear and anxiety are highly conserved in vertebrates and are present during early zebrafish development. Larvae during the first week of development display elevated cortisol levels in response to stress and are sensitive to the same anxiolytics that are used for the management of anxiety in humans. Zebrafish larvae are well suited for high-throughput analyses of behavior, and automated systems have been developed for imaging and analyzing the behavior of zebrafish larvae in multiwell plates. These high-throughput analyses will not only provide a wealth of information on the genes and environmental factors that influence escape and avoidance behaviors and the emotional states that may accompany them, but will also facilitate the discovery of novel pharmaceuticals that may be used in the management of anxiety disorders in humans.