Design of a 100-GHz Double-Sideband Low-IF CW Doppler Radar Transceiver for Micrometer Mechanical Vibration and Vital Sign Detection
Design of a 100-GHz Double-Sideband Low-IF CW Doppler Radar Transceiver for Micrometer Mechanical Vibration and Vital Sign Detection
复制标题
用于测微机械振动和生命体征检测的 100GHz 双边带低中频连续多普勒雷达收发器设计
DOI：
10.1109/tmtt.2020.2981613
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发表时间：
2020-07-01
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Li, Lianming
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ma, Xujun;Wang, Yiyang;Li, Lianming
本文介绍了一款完全集成的 100 GHz 连续波多普勒雷达收发器，具有用于机械振动和生命体征检测的双边带低中频 (IF) 架构。整个雷达芯片收发器采用65 nm CMOS工艺制造，功耗为262 mW，尺寸为0.9 mm <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\times2.0$ </tex-math></inline-formula> mm。芯片中没有使用基本的 100 GHz 压控振荡器 (VCO)，而是采用带有 50 GHz 外部源的推-推倍频器来驱动收发器。在系统架构和电路模块的专门设计下，该芯片可以在 93–105 GHz 范围内以 40 mV 1 kHz IF 载波传输 4 dBm 饱和功率 (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$P_{\mathrm {sat}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>)，并实现相位失配 <1° 和幅度失配 < 的良好 I/Q 性能。 95–104 GHz 范围内为 1 dB。对于 99 至 104 GHz 的 –36 dBm RF 输入，IF 差分输出幅度在 470 至 680 mV 之间变化。为了验证检测能力，提出了基于探针站的测试设置。得益于103 GHz的短波长，该雷达系统成功检测到1.5 m处的1-<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu \text{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>位移的机械振动、2 m处的人体生命体征信号，甚至0.6 m处小牛蛙的混合呼吸运动。据我们所知，这是首款具有低中频架构的 100 GHz CMOS 多普勒雷达收发器芯片，用于生物生命体征检测。
This article presents a fully integrated 100-GHz continuous-wave Doppler radar transceiver with the double-sideband low-intermediate-frequency (IF) architecture for mechanical vibration and vital sign detection. Fabricated in a 65-nm CMOS process, the whole radar chip transceiver consumes 262 mW with a size of 0.9 mm <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\times2.0$ </tex-math></inline-formula> mm. Instead of utilizing a fundamental 100-GHz voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) in the chip, a push–push frequency doubler with the 50-GHz external source is adopted to drive the transceiver. Under a dedicated design on the system architecture and circuit blocks, the chip could transmit 4-dBm saturated power (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$P_{\mathrm {sat}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) over 93–105 GHz with a 40-mV 1-kHz IF carrier and achieve good I/Q performance of phase mismatch <1° and amplitude mismatch < 1 dB over 95–104 GHz. With a–36-dBm RF input from 99 to 104 GHz, the IF differential output amplitude varies from 470 to 680 mV. To validate the detection ability, a probe-station-based test setup is proposed. Benefiting from the short wavelength at 103 GHz, this radar system successfully detects the mechanical vibration of 1-<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu \text{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> displacement from 1.5 m, the human vital-sign signal from 2 m, and even a small bullfrog’s hybrid respiratory motion from 0.6 m. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first 100-GHz CMOS Doppler radar transceiver chip with the low-IF architecture for the biological vital sign detection.