Evaluation of operational on-line-coupled regional air quality models over Europe and North America in the context of AQMEII phase 2. Part I: Ozone
Evaluation of operational on-line-coupled regional air quality models over Europe and North America in the context of AQMEII phase 2. Part I: Ozone
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DOI：
10.1016/j.atmosenv.2014.09.042
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发表时间：
2015-08-01
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Galmarini, Stefano
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Im, Ulas;Bianconi, Roberto;Galmarini, Stefano
空气质量模型评估国际倡议（AQMEII）的第二阶段汇集了来自欧洲和北美的16个建模小组，在欧洲和北美运行了8个关于共同排放和边界条件的在线耦合空气质量模型。随着在线耦合模型的出现，提供了新的能力来量化反馈过程的影响，本研究的主要目的是比较耦合空气质量模型的响应，以模拟两个大陆地区的O-3水平。根据欧洲和北美不同测量网络的大型观测数据库，对2010年模拟的年度、季节、大陆和次区域臭氧表面浓度和垂直分布进行了评估。结果表明，一个一般的模式低估了两大洲的年表面臭氧水平达到18%，在欧洲和22%，在北美。观测到的时间变化成功地再现相关系数大于0.8。结果清楚地表明，模拟水平高度依赖于模型中使用的气象和化学配置，即使在同一个建模系统。季节和分区域的分析表明，模式的趋势，高估在所有地区的地面臭氧在秋季和冬季低估。边界条件强烈影响臭氧的预测，特别是在冬季和秋季，而在夏季当地生产占主导地位的区域运输。两大洲的所有模式都高估了低于50-60 μ g m（-3）的每日最大8小时平均地面臭氧水平，而低估了超过120-140 μ g m（-3）的水平，这表明模式有严重低估高O-3值的趋势，而高O-3值是空气质量预报和控制政策应用的关注点。(C)2014爱思唯尔有限公司版权所有。
The second phase of the Air Quality Model Evaluation International Initiative (AQMEII) brought together sixteen modeling groups from Europe and North America, running eight operational online-coupled air quality models over Europe and North America on common emissions and boundary conditions. With the advent of online-coupled models providing new capability to quantify the effects of feedback processes, the main aim of this study is to compare the response of coupled air quality models to simulate levels of O-3 over the two continental regions. The simulated annual, seasonal, continental and sub-regional ozone surface concentrations and vertical profiles for the year 2010 have been evaluated against a large observational database from different measurement networks operating in Europe and North America. Results show a general model underestimation of the annual surface ozone levels over both continents reaching up to 18% over Europe and 22% over North America. The observed temporal variations are successfully reproduced with correlation coefficients larger than 0.8. Results clearly show that the simulated levels highly depend on the meteorological and chemical configurations used in the models, even within the same modeling system. The seasonal and sub-regional analyses show the models' tendency to overestimate surface ozone in all regions during autumn and underestimate in winter. Boundary conditions strongly influence ozone predictions especially during winter and autumn, whereas during summer local production dominates over regional transport. Daily maximum 8-h averaged surface ozone levels below 50-60 mu g m(-3) are overestimated by all models over both continents while levels over 120-140 mu g m(-3) are underestimated, suggesting that models have a tendency to severely under-predict high O-3 values that are of concern for air quality forecast and control policy applications. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.