Cephalopod Sex Determination and its Ancient Evolutionary Origin Revealed by Chromosome-level Assembly of the California Two-Spot Octopus.
Cephalopod Sex Determination and its Ancient Evolutionary Origin Revealed by Chromosome-level Assembly of the California Two-Spot Octopus.
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加州两点章鱼的染色体水平组装揭示了头足类动物的性别决定及其古代进化起源。
DOI：
10.1101/2024.02.21.581452
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发表时间：
2024
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Kern,AndrewD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Coffing,GabrielleC;Tittes,Silas;Small,ScottT;Songco-Casey,JeremeaO;Piscopo,DeniseM;Pungor,JuditR;Miller,AdamC;Niell,CristopherM;Kern,AndrewD
章鱼、鱿鱼和乌贼--鞘翅目头足类--是生命之树上一个引人注目的分支，其成员表现出复杂的行为。1作为一个分支，鞘翅目具有令人难以置信的各种新特征，包括无脊椎动物中最复杂的神经系统、衍生的照相机型眼睛和快速适应性伪装能力。2，3.区分头足类动物的进化新奇性的爆发在系统发育背景下甚至更引人注目;头足类动物是一个分歧很大的谱系，在寒武纪时期与其他现存的软体动物共享一个共同的祖先，大约5.5亿年前。4，5随着基因组测序技术的最新进展，我们有能力探索头足类新奇动物的基因组基础。在这里，使用基因组DNA的PacBio长读段测序和Iso-Seq全长mRNA测序，我们为雌性加州二点章鱼（O. bimaculoides）提供了一个新的染色体尺度参考基因组和注释。我们的组装揭示了雌性章鱼只有一条性染色体，与ZO核型一致，而雄性章鱼有两条（ZZ），这是头足类动物遗传性别决定的第一个证据。我们使用我们的组装和注释，结合其他头足类动物的现有基因组信息，创建了该组的第一个全基因组比对，并证明性染色体是一个古老的起源，在大约4.8亿年前现存头足类动物的辐射之前，4并且在所有头足类动物的基因组中一直保存到今天。
Octopuses, squids, and cuttlefishes—the coleoid cephalopods—are a remarkable branch in the tree of life whose members exhibit a repertoire of sophisticated behaviors.1As a clade, coleoids harbor an incredible variety of novel traits, including the most complex nervous system among invertebrates, derived camera-type eyes, and rapid adaptive camouflage abilities.2,3The burst of evolutionary novelty that distinguishes cephalopods is even more striking in a phylogenetic context; cephalopods are a deeply diverged lineage that last shared a common ancestor with other extant molluscs in the Cambrian period, roughly 550 million years ago.4,5With recent advances in genome sequencing technologies, we have the capability to explore the genomic foundations of cephalopod novelties. Here, using PacBio long-read sequencing of genomic DNA and Iso-Seq full-length mRNA sequencing, we provide a novel chromosome-scale reference genome and annotation for a female California two-spot octopus (O. bimaculoides). Our assembly reveals that the female octopus has just one sex chromosome, consistent with a ZO karyotype, whereas the male has two (ZZ), providing the first evidence of genetic sex determination in cephalopods. We use our assembly and annotation in combination with existing genomic information from other cephalopods to create the first whole-genome alignments from this group and demonstrate that the sex chromosome is of an ancient origin, before the radiation of extant cephalopods approximately 480 million years ago,4and has been conserved to the present day in all cephalopod genomes available.