I have a kit and I create worlds: synthetic ecology from synthetic genomes
I have a kit and I create worlds: synthetic ecology from synthetic genomes
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我有一个工具包，我可以创造世界：来自合成基因组的合成生态学
DOI：
10.1111/1758-2229.12883
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发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
McKinlay, James B.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
McKinlay, James B.
基因组是生命的蓝图。基因组序列可以由分子机器转录和翻译，以组装能够复制、感觉和反应的生物体。生物体相互反应，形成复杂的相互作用网络，表现为生态系统，定义了我们生活和依赖的世界。这一切都始于基因组。如果我们可以构建基因组，我们就可以创造世界。我们可以构建基因组。十年前，也就是第一个细菌基因组序列被报道后仅 15 年（Fleischmann 等人，1995 年），J. Craig Venter 研究所就报道了第一个生物体——支原体细菌的诞生，它源自化学合成的基因组（Gibson 等人，2010 年）。从那时起，细菌基因组（Fredens et al., 2019）、病毒基因组（Oldfield et al., 2017）和真核染色体（Richardson et al., 2017）的化学合成一直是少数研究小组的领域（Eisenstein, 2020）。但更广泛的势头正在形成。基因规模的 DNA 合成现在已经很普遍了。许多公司提供定制 DNA 分子的化学合成服务，并将其发送到研究人员的邮箱中。美国能源部联合基因组研究所通过其社区科学计划为 DNA 合成提供服务补助。 DNA 合成的日益普及让人想起早期的高通量测序。很自然地预计 DNA 合成成本将会下降，DNA 合成仪器很快将成为大学设施乃至个人实验室的主要设备。
The genome is the blueprint for life. A genome sequence can be transcribed and translated by molecular machines to assemble an organism capable of replication, sensation, and response. Organisms respond to each other, forming intricate interaction webs that manifest as ecosystems, defining the world we live in and rely on. It all starts with a genome. And if we can build a genome, we can create worlds.We can build genomes. Ten years ago, only 15 years after the first bacterial genome sequence was reported (Fleischmann et al., 1995), the J. Craig Venter Institute reported the creation of the first organism, a Mycoplasma bacterium, derived from a chemically synthesized genome (Gibson et al., 2010). Since then, chemical synthesis of bacterial genomes (Fredens et al., 2019), virus genomes (Oldfield et al., 2017), and eukaryotic chromosomes (Richardson et al., 2017) has been the domain of only a few groups (Eisenstein, 2020). But broader momentum is building. Gene-scale DNA synthesis is now commonplace. Numerous companies offer chemical synthesis of custom DNA molecules delivered to a researcher’s mailbox. The US Dept. of Energy Joint Genome Institute offers service grants for DNA synthesis through their Community Science Program. The growing popularity of DNA synthesis is reminiscent of the early days of highthroughput sequencing. It is natural to anticipate that DNA synthesis costs will drop and instrumentation for DNA synthesis will soon be staples of university facilities and eventually individual labs.