Research on a Low-Cost, Open-Source, and Remote Monitoring Data Collector to Predict Livestock’s Habits Based on Location and Auditory Information: A Case Study from Vietnam
Research on a Low-Cost, Open-Source, and Remote Monitoring Data Collector to Predict Livestock’s Habits Based on Location and Auditory Information: A Case Study from Vietnam
复制标题
DOI：
10.3390/agriculture10050180
复制
发表时间：
2020-05
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
H. Ngo;T. Nguyen;Hung Nguyen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
H. Ngo;T. Nguyen;Hung Nguyen
放牧牲畜的监督和饲养一直是一项艰巨的任务。由于动物的行为是基于习惯的，因此实时监测数据记录仪已成为帮助农民识别牲畜状况的不可或缺的工具。位置跟踪和声学监测已成为表征反刍动物摄食性能的两种最佳方法。以前，现有的方法仅限于台式计算机，缺乏声音收集功能。这些限制影响了馈线的后期干预，并需要大尺寸的数据存储器。在这项工作中，一个开源的框架，自动捕获农场动物的健康信息的数据收集器。在这种便携式硬件中，集成了无线定位声学传感系统（WiLASS），通过咀嚼声识别来推断农业牲畜的活动和异常现象的健康状况。WiLASS涉及ESP 32-WROOM、GPS NEO-6 M、ADXL 335加速度计、GY-MAX 4466放大器、温度传感器等信号处理电路的开放模块。通过无线通信，ESP 32-WROOM Thing微处理器提供高速传输、标准协议和低功耗。数据以实时方式从所附的传感模块传输到数字服务器以供进一步分析。GPS NEO-6 M Thing的模块具有跟踪速度快、精度高、信号强的特点，适合高原应用。一些计算被并入加速度计中以估计定向运动和振动。GY-MAX 4466 Thing起到麦克风的作用，用于存储环境声音。为了确保听觉数据的质量，它们以10 KHz的最低采样频率和12位分辨率记录。此外，在口袋设备中实现移动的软件以提供扩展的移动性和社交便利性。与基于云的服务器融合，多事物便携式平台可以提供同时监督的访问。为了防止数据丢失，系统中嵌入了低带宽、高可靠性、双向的、适用于大多数操作系统的消息收发遥测传输（MQTT）协议。实验结果验证了该方法的可行性、有效性和正确性。在气候变化的情况下，拟议的框架不仅支持农业技术的改进，而且由于其成本低，而且能够对每一个物种实施适当的政策，因此为贫困农村地区提供了一个高质量的替代方案。
The supervision and feeding of grazing livestock are always difficult missions. Since animals act based on habits, the real-time monitoring data logger has become an indispensable instrument to assist farmers in recognizing the status of livestock. Position-tracked and acoustic monitoring have become commonplace as two of the best methods to characterize feeding performance in ruminants. Previously, the existing methods were limited to desktop computers and lacked a sound-collecting function. These restrictions impacted the late interventions from feeders and required a large-sized data memory. In this work, an open-source framework for a data collector that autonomously captures the health information of farm animals is introduced. In this portable hardware, a Wireless Location Acoustic Sensing System (WiLASS) is integrated to infer the health status through the activities and abnormal phenomena of farming livestock via chew–bite sound identification. WiLASS involves the open modules of ESP32-WROOM, GPS NEO-6M, ADXL335 accelerometer, GY-MAX4466 amplifier, temperature sensors, and other signal processing circuits. By means of wireless communication, the ESP32-WROOM Thing micro-processor offers high speed transmission, standard protocol, and low power consumption. Data are transferred in a real-time manner from the attached sensing modules to a digital server for further analysis. The module of GPS NEO-6M Thing brings about fast tracking, high precision, and a strong signal, which is suitable for highland applications. Some computations are incorporated into the accelerometer to estimate directional movement and vibration. The GY-MAX4466 Thing plays the role of microphone, which is used to store environmental sound. To ensure the quality of auditory data, they are recorded at a minimum sampling frequency of 10 KHz and at a 12-bit resolution. Moreover, a mobile software in pocket devices is implemented to provide extended mobility and social convenience. Converging with a cloud-based server, the multi-Thing portable platform can provide access to simultaneously supervise. Message Queuing Telemetry Transport (MQTT) protocol with low bandwidth, high reliability, and bi-direction, and which is appropriate for most operating systemsOS, is embedded into the system to prevent data loss. From the experimental results, the feasibility, effectiveness, and correctness of our approach are verified. Under the changes of climate, the proposed framework not only supports the improvement of farming techniques, but also provides a high-quality alternative for poor rural areas because of its low cost and its ability to carry out a proper policy for each species.