Do Slumped and Upright Postures Affect Stress Responses? A Randomized Trial
Do Slumped and Upright Postures Affect Stress Responses? A Randomized Trial
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DOI：
10.1037/hea0000146
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发表时间：
2015-06-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Broadbent, Elizabeth
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nair, Shwetha;Sagar, Mark;Broadbent, Elizabeth
目的：肌肉状态与情绪相关的假说主要得到面部表情研究的支持。然而，身体姿势也可能对情绪的启动和调节很重要。本实验旨在研究相对于坐姿，坐姿是否会影响心理应激任务的情感和心血管反应。方法：有74名参与者被随机分配到一个下垂或直立的坐姿。在整个研究过程中，他们的背部被绑上理疗胶带以保持这种姿势。参与者被告知一个封面故事，以减少姿势的预期效果。参与者完成了一项阅读任务，特里尔社会压力演讲任务，情绪，自尊和感知威胁的评估。连续测量血压和心率。结果：直立的参与者报告更高的自尊，更多的唤醒，更好的情绪，和更低的恐惧，相比，暴跌的参与者。语言分析显示，情绪低落的参与者在演讲过程中使用更多的负面情绪词、第一人称单数代词、情感过程词、悲伤词，而使用更少的积极情绪词和总词。直立的参与者在压力源期间和之后有更高的脉压。结论：面对压力时，采取直立的坐姿可以保持自尊，减少消极情绪，与瘫坐的姿势相比，增加积极情绪。此外，坐直会提高语速，减少自我关注。坐直可能是一个简单的行为策略，以帮助建立弹性的压力。这项研究与具身认知理论一致，即肌肉和自主神经状态影响情绪反应。
Objective: The hypothesis that muscular states are related to emotions has been supported predominantly by research on facial expressions. However, body posture also may be important to the initiation and modulation of emotions. This experiment aimed to investigate whether an upright seated posture could influence affective and cardiovascular responses to a psychological stress task, relative to a slumped seated posture. Method: There were 74 participants who were randomly assigned to either a slumped or upright seated posture. Their backs were strapped with physiotherapy tape to hold this posture throughout the study. Participants were told a cover story to reduce expectation effects of posture. Participants completed a reading task, the Trier Social Stress speech task, assessments of mood, self-esteem, and perceived threat. Blood pressure and heart rate were continuously measured. Results: Upright participants reported higher self-esteem, more arousal, better mood, and lower fear, compared to slumped participants. Linguistic analysis showed slumped participants used more negative emotion words, first-person singular pronouns, affective process words, sadness words, and fewer positive emotion words and total words during the speech. Upright participants had higher pulse pressure during and after the stressor. Conclusions: Adopting an upright seated posture in the face of stress can maintain self-esteem, reduce negative mood, and increase positive mood compared to a slumped posture. Furthermore, sitting upright increases rate of speech and reduces self-focus. Sitting upright may be a simple behavioral strategy to help build resilience to stress. The research is consistent with embodied cognition theories that muscular and autonomic states influence emotional responding.