On applications of quantum computing to plasma simulations
On applications of quantum computing to plasma simulations
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DOI：
10.1063/5.0056974
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发表时间：
2021-09-01
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Startsev, E. A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dodin, I. Y.;Startsev, E. A.
量子计算作为加速物理系统模拟的潜在方法而受到越来越多的关注，并且将其应用于经典等离子体的模拟也很有趣。然而，量子信息科学传统上旨在对量子力学中特定形式的线性哈密顿系统进行建模，因此将现有结果扩展到等离子体应用仍然是一个挑战。在这里，我们报告了对该领域长期机遇和可能障碍的初步探索。首先，我们证明许多等离子体波问题可以自然地以类量子形式表示，因此自然适合量子计算机。其次，我们考虑更一般的等离子体问题，包括非厄米动力学（不稳定性、不可逆耗散）和非线性。我们表明，通过扩展配置空间，此类系统也可以以类量子形式表示，因此也可以用量子计算机进行模拟，尽管与第一种情况相比需要更多的计算资源。第三，我们概述了混合量子经典计算机的潜在应用，其中包括全局本征模分析以及非线性模拟的替代方法。
Quantum computing is gaining increased attention as a potential way to speed up simulations of physical systems, and it is also of interest to apply it to simulations of classical plasmas. However, quantum information science is traditionally aimed at modeling linear Hamiltonian systems of a particular form that is found in quantum mechanics, so extending the existing results to plasma applications remains a challenge. Here, we report a preliminary exploration of the long-term opportunities and likely obstacles in this area. First, we show that many plasma-wave problems are naturally representable in a quantumlike form and thus are naturally fit for quantum computers. Second, we consider more general plasma problems that include non-Hermitian dynamics (instabilities, irreversible dissipation) and nonlinearities. We show that by extending the configuration space, such systems can also be represented in a quantumlike form and thus can be simulated with quantum computers too, albeit that requires more computational resources compared to the first case. Third, we outline potential applications of hybrid quantum-classical computers, which include analysis of global eigenmodes and also an alternative approach to nonlinear simulations.