The emergence and consolidation of self-control from eighteen to thirty months of age: normative trends and individual differences.
The emergence and consolidation of self-control from eighteen to thirty months of age: normative trends and individual differences.
复制标题
十八至三十个月龄自我控制的出现和巩固：规范趋势和个体差异。
DOI：
10.2307/1130151
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发表时间：
1984
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
J. Krakow
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
B. Vaughn;C. Kopp;J. Krakow
这项研究是一个描述性报告的能力，行使自我控制在很小的孩子。自我控制的2个方面进行了评估（延迟/反应抑制在一个有吸引力的刺激和遵守母亲的指令在清理任务）为72名儿童的年龄在18个月和30个月之间。结果表明，这两个方面的自我控制表现出与年龄相关的增加。然而，在清理任务中观察到的行为的因素分析表明，遵守不能充分描述一个单一的，双极的尺寸（不遵守与遵守）。观察到2种不依从模式，其中1种也随年龄增长而增加。延迟测量的跨任务一致性和自我控制两个方面的一致性与年龄的增加呈正相关。最后，自我控制措施和发展测试数据的相关分析表明，自我控制的个体差异与认知发展状态（DA）的差异。结果被解释为证据，自我控制的实现可以被认为是一个主要的发展成就，并作为证据，在自我控制的个体差异出现，并巩固在第二和第三年的生活。
This study is a descriptive report of the capability to exercise self-control in very young children. 2 aspects of self-control were assessed (delay/response inhibition in the presence of an attractive stimulus and compliance with maternal directives in a cleanup task) for 72 children between the ages of 18 and 30 months. The results indicated that both aspects of self-control show age-related increases. However, a factor analysis of the behaviors observed in the cleanup task suggested that compliance could not be adequately described with a unitary, bipolar dimension (noncompliance vs. compliance). 2 patterns of non-compliance were observed, and 1 of these also increased with age. Cross-task consistency for the delay measures) and coherence across the 2 aspects of self-control showed a positive relationship with increasing age. Finally, correlational analyses of the self-control measures and developmental test data showed that individual differences in self-control were associated with differences in cognitive-developmental status (DA). The results are interpreted as evidence that the achievement of self-control can be considered as a major developmental accomplishment and as evidence that individual differences in self-control emerge and are consolidated during the second and third years of life.