One shall become two: Separation of the esophagus and trachea from the common foregut tube.
One shall become two: Separation of the esophagus and trachea from the common foregut tube.
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DOI：
10.1002/dvdy.24219
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发表时间：
2015-03
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Klingensmith J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Billmyre KK;Hutson M;Klingensmith J
消化和呼吸器官系统起源于共同的内胚层起源，即前肠管。前肠原基的背侧区域形成食管，腹侧区域形成气管，这是通过一个知之甚少的区室化过程发生的。这一过程的破坏可能导致严重的出生缺陷，例如食管闭锁和气管食管瘘（EA/TEF），其中气管和食管的管腔保持连接。在这里，我们总结了已知的调节共同前肠管内背腹模式所必需的信号网络以及正常前肠区室化过程中可能发生的细胞行为。我们认为背腹模式用于建立前肠管的侧向区域，该区域能够进行专门的细胞重排，最终实现区室化。我们回顾了可能有助于解决这一假设的已建立的和新的啮齿动物模型。最后，我们讨论了新的实验模型，可以帮助阐明前肠分隔背后的机制。未来前肠形态发生研究的综合方法将有助于更好地理解这一复杂的过程。
The alimentary and respiratory organ systems arise from a common endodermal origin, the anterior foregut tube. Formation of the esophagus from the dorsal region and the trachea from the ventral region of the foregut primordium occurs via a poorly understood compartmentalization process. Disruption of this process can result in severe birth defects, such as esophageal atresia and tracheoesphageal fistula (EA/TEF), in which the lumina of the trachea and esophagus remain connected. Here we summarize the signaling networks known to be necessary for regulating dorso-ventral patterning within the common foregut tube and cellular behaviors that may occur during normal foregut compartmentalization. We propose that dorso-ventral patterning serves to establish a lateral region of the foregut tube that is capable of undergoing specialized cellular rearrangements, culminating in compartmentalization. We review established as well as new rodent models that may be useful in addressing this hypothesis. Finally, we discuss new experimental models that could help elucidate the mechanism behind foregut compartmentalization. An integrated approach to future foregut morphogenesis research will allow for a better understanding of this complex process.