Lung cancer in young women in southern Sweden: A descriptive study
Lung cancer in young women in southern Sweden: A descriptive study
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DOI：
10.1111/crj.12712
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发表时间：
2018-04-01
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
Olsson, Hakan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Fritz, Ildiko;Olsson, Hakan
肺癌是一种常见的恶性肿瘤和癌症相关死亡的原因，与多种环境暴露密切相关，因此主要影响老年人。以前是男性的疾病，其在女性中的发病率正在上升，在瑞典，肺癌现在在女性中比男性更常见。女性在年轻患者中的比例尤其过高。在欧洲整体癌症死亡率下降的同时，女性肺癌死亡率却在上升。目的我们描述了年轻瑞典女性肺癌的流行病学表现，旨在明确年轻女性的风险因素。方法1997-2015年间，瑞典南部1159名新诊断为肺癌的女性接受了关于她们生活方式以及个人和家庭病史的问卷调查。结果1159例女性中，70例(6.0%)年龄在50岁以下。大多数人(n=49，70.0%)年龄在45-50岁，8人(11.4%)在40岁以下。最常见的肺癌亚型是腺癌(n=33，47.1%)。类癌占12.9%(n=9)。大多数女性报告同时接触过一手和二手烟草烟雾(n=54，77.1%)；2.9%(n=2)既没有报告，也没有报告。非吸烟者占17.1%(n=12)。34.3%(n=24)的人报告了频繁的X射线照射。78.6%的人报告至少有一名近亲患癌症。25.7%的人报告亲属患有肺癌。结论肺癌在年轻女性中仍然很少见，吸烟是最大的危险因素，即使是对从不吸烟的人也是如此。因此，避免接触烟草烟雾仍然是瑞典和其他地方年轻女性预防肺癌的最重要措施。
IntroductionLung cancer, a common malignancy and cause of cancer-related deaths, is strongly linked to several environmental exposures, and thus primarily affects the elderly. Formerly a man's disease, its incidence is rising among women, and lung cancer is now more common in women than men in Sweden. Women are particularly over-represented among young patients. While overall cancer mortality in Europe is decreasing, female lung cancer mortality is increasing.ObjectivesWe describe the epidemiological presentation of lung cancer in young Swedish women, aiming to pinpoint its risk factors for young women.Methods1159 women with newly diagnosed lung cancer in southern Sweden 1997-2015 answered questionnaires on their lifestyles and personal and family medical histories. We identified those below age 50.Results70 (6.0%) of 1159 women were below age 50. Most (n=49, 70.0%) were aged 45-50; eight (11.4%) were below age 40. The most common lung cancer subtype was adenocarcinoma (n=33, 47.1%). 12.9% (n=9) had carcinoid tumors. Most women reported both first- and second-hand tobacco smoke exposure (n=54, 77.1%); 2.9% (n=2) reported neither. 17.1% (n=12) were never-smokers. 34.3% (n=24) reported frequent X-ray radiation exposure. 78.6% reported at least one near relative with cancer. 25.7% reported relatives with lung cancer.ConclusionsLung cancer remains rare in young women, and tobacco smoke exposure is the single greatest risk factor, even for never-smokers. Thus, avoiding tobacco smoke exposure remains the most important preventive measure against lung cancer for young women in Sweden and elsewhere.