NEUROPATHIES ASSOCIATED WITH DIABETES
NEUROPATHIES ASSOCIATED WITH DIABETES
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/s0025-7125(16)30275-9
复制
发表时间：
1993-01-01
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
ROSS, MA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
ROSS, MA
糖尿病神经病变是糖尿病最常见的并发症，也是西方世界多发性神经病变的主要原因。远端对称性主要感觉性多发性神经病是继发于糖尿病的多种神经病变中最常见的。疼痛通常是糖尿病神经病变最令人烦恼和最难治疗的症状。自主神经病变是糖尿病神经病变的常见特征，并且是许多重要问题的来源，包括体位性低血压、胃轻瘫、腹泻、便秘、神经源性膀胱和男性阳痿。医生需要熟悉多种不常见的糖尿病神经病变形式，因为这些形式通常与其他医学或神经系统疾病相似。糖尿病性神经病变的原因尚未确定，但大量证据表明代谢和缺血性神经损伤都是可能的因素。这些不应该被认为是糖尿病神经病变的相互排斥的原因，因为这两个因素可能在不同程度上产生糖尿病中所见的神经病变的临床谱。虽然没有有效的治疗方法来治愈糖尿病神经病变，但通过血糖控制和对症治疗可以改善。
Diabetic neuropathy is the most frequent complication of diabetes and the leading cause of polyneuropathy in the Western world. A distal symmetric predominantly sensory polyneuropathy is the most common of the diverse neuropathies that occur secondary to diabetes. Pain is often the most bothersome and difficult to treat symptom of diabetic neuropathy. Autonomic neuropathy is a frequent feature of diabetic neuropathy and the source of many significant problems including postural hypotension, gastroparesis, diarrhea, constipation, neurogenic bladder, and male impotence. Physicians need to be familiar with the multiple, less common forms of diabetic neuropathy, as these often mimic other medical or neurologic conditions. The cause of diabetic neuropathy is not determined, but abundant evidence suggests that both metabolic and ischemic nerve injury are likely factors. These should not be considered mutually exclusive causes of diabetic neuropathy as both factors likely operate to different degrees to produce the clinical spectrum of neuropathies that are seen in diabetes. Although no effective treatment exists to cure diabetic neuropathy, improvement is possible with glycemic control and symptomatic therapy.