Working‐Memory Capacity and the Evolution of Modern Cognitive Potential
Working‐Memory Capacity and the Evolution of Modern Cognitive Potential
复制标题
工作记忆能力和现代认知潜力的演变
作者：
M. Haidle
工具使用是追踪考古记录中行为发展的主要数据库，因此也是人类进化的主要数据库。然而，工作记忆能力和现代认知潜力并不是工具行为中简单而明显的特征。编码在认知图中，允许直接比较，可以检查动物和人类工具使用的工作记忆容量的特定方面。详细的研究工具的行为黄蜂，海獭，海豚，黑猩猩和比较的制造和使用Oldowan工具和旧石器时代的长矛。虽然这显示了广泛的问题解决距离，但动物的问题解决似乎仅限于可以在空间和时间附近找到解决方案的问题复合体。在人类进化中，工具行为的复杂性随着一个行动中一次管理的活动焦点的数量、问题解决复合体中操作步骤的数量和多样性以及寻求解决方案的空间和时间框架而增加。结果表明，一个复杂的能力，而不是一个封闭的现象，只有不同的方面晚推出的不同方面的逐步发展。
Tool use is the main database to track down behavioral developments in the archaeological record and thus human evolution. Working‐memory capacity and modern cognitive potential, however, are no simple and obvious characters in tool behavior. Coded in cognigrams, which allow a direct comparison, animal and human tool use can be examined for specific aspects of the working‐memory capacity. Detailed studies of tool behavior of wasps, sea otters, bottlenose dolphins, and chimpanzees are presented and compared with the manufacture and use of Oldowan tools and Lower Paleolithic spears. Although this shows a wide range of problem‐solution distances, problem solving in animals seems to be restricted to problem complexes for which a solution can be found in spatial and temporal vicinity. In human evolution, the complexity of tool behavior increases regarding the number of active foci managed at a time in an action, the number and diversity of operational steps in a problem‐solution complex, and the spatial and temporal frame in which solutions are sought. The results suggest a gradual development of the different aspects of a complex capacity instead of a late introduction of a closed phenomenon with only different facets.
23 非洲和欧亚大陆中更新世中晚期的文化演化
DOI：
10.1007/978-3-540-33761-4_66
发表时间：
2001
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
Conard
通讯作者：
Conard