In situ polyol-assisted synthesis of nano-SnO2/carbon composite materials as anodes for lithium-ion batteries
In situ polyol-assisted synthesis of nano-SnO2/carbon composite materials as anodes for lithium-ion batteries
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jpowsour.2009.10.086
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发表时间：
2010-04-15
影响因子：
9.2
通讯作者：
Davidson, Isobel J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Courtel, Fabrice M.;Baranova, Elena A.;Davidson, Isobel J.
采用多元醇法，在碳基体存在下，通过氧化SnCl2中心点2H(2)O，原位合成了纳米sno2 /碳复合材料。TEM结果表明，复合材料均由SnO2纳米颗粒（5 ~ 10 nm）均匀嵌入到碳基体中。XRD证实了纳米级SnO2颗粒的存在，晶体呈金红石结构，XPS显示锡氧化态为+4。循环伏安分析表明，复合材料在1.4V处出现不可逆峰值，在0.1 ~ 0.5 V处出现典型的合金化/脱合金化过程。最佳复合材料（“复合材料I”，15 wt% SnO2）在200 mA g(-1)（类似于C/2）下的锂存储容量提高了370 mAh g(-1)，与商用SnO2 （50 nm）相比，提高了32%，容量衰减更低。我们还研究了加热方法的影响，我们发现使用微波不仅有利于缩短反应时间，而且有利于生产更小的SnO2颗粒，这些颗粒也更好地分散在碳基体中，从而提高锂的存储容量。爱思唯尔B.V.版权所有
Nano-SnO2/carbon composite materials were synthesized in situ using the polyol method by oxidizing SnCl2 center dot 2H(2)O in the presence of a carbon matrix. All the as-synthesized composites consisted of SnO2 nanoparticles (5-10 nm) uniformly embedded into the carbon matrix as evidenced by TEM. XRD confirmed the presence of nano-sized SnO2 particles that are crystallized in a rutile structure and XPS revealed a tin oxidation state of +4. Cyclic voltammetry of the composites showed an irreversible peak at 1.4V in the first cycle and a typical alloying/de-alloying process at 0.1-0.5 V. The best composite ("composite I", 15 wt% SnO2) showed an improved lithium storage capacity of 370 mAh g(-1) at 200 mA g(-1) (similar to C/2) which correspond to 32% improvement and lower capacity fade compared to commercial SnO2 (50 nm). We have also investigated the effect of the heating method and we found that the use of a microwave was beneficial in not only shortening reaction time but also in producing smaller SnO2 particles that are also better dispersed within the carbon matrix which also resulted in higher lithium storage capacity. Crown Copyright (C) 2009 Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.