Implications of philosophical pragmatism for nursing: Comparison of different pragmatists
Implications of philosophical pragmatism for nursing: Comparison of different pragmatists
复制标题
哲学实用主义对护理的启示：不同实用主义者的比较
DOI：
10.1111/nup.12414
复制
发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Ota Katsumasa
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mayumi Naoya;Ota Katsumasa
实用主义强调实践的结果和经验的解释，而不是内省的解释。然而，正如本文所介绍的四位著名的实用主义者所表明的那样，实用主义者的论点并不统一。他们之间的主要区别是，皮尔士和哈克承认一个客观的真理，而詹姆斯和罗蒂不。因此，为了更充分地理解实用主义者对我们知识的看法，必须咨询两个阵营。在护理领域，实用主义偶尔被称为指导哲学。然而，詹姆斯和罗蒂的影响力已经大于皮尔斯和哈克实用主义，这可能会导致护理学者对实用主义的理解有偏差。尽管如此，这四个实用主义者共享自然主义，拒绝形而上学，在我们的调查之前定义知识的性质，并强调经验和实践。实用自然主义有助于保证护理理论不脱离临床实践。本文还探讨了广泛的适应性的思想，所有四个实用主义者的哲学问题，在护理，如混合方法的研究，认识相对主义和现实主义。通过展示实用主义可以相关和刺激这些主题，文章表明，不同的方法，实用主义可以提供更多的启示，护士和护理研究人员在未来。
Pragmatism emphasizes practical consequences and empirical explanations rather than introspective contemplations. However, the arguments of pragmatists are not uniform, as shown by the four prominent pragmatists presented in this article. The major difference between them is that Peirce and Haack acknowledge an objective truth, whereas James and Rorty do not. Thus, for a fuller understanding of the pragmatist view of our knowledge, both camps must be consulted. In the nursing field, pragmatism is occasionally referred to as a guiding philosophy. However, the influence of James and Rorty has been greater than that of Peirce and Haack on pragmatists, which may risk leading to a skewed understanding of pragmatism by nursing scholars. Still, the four pragmatists share naturalism, which rejects a metaphysics that defines the nature of knowledge before our enquiry and emphasizes experience and practice. Pragmatic naturalism can help ensure that nursing theory does not deviate from clinical practice. This article also explores the broad adaptability of the ideas of all four pragmatists to philosophical issues in nursing, such as mixed‐methods research, epistemic relativism and realism. By showing that pragmatism can be relevant and stimulating to each of these topics, the article demonstrates that the different approaches to pragmatism can provide more inspiration for nurses and nursing researchers in the future.