Molecular phylogeny restores the supra-generic subdivision of homoscleromorph sponges (Porifera, Homoscleromorpha).

Molecular phylogeny restores the supra-generic subdivision of homoscleromorph sponges (Porifera, Homoscleromorpha).
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DOI:
10.1371/journal.pone.0014290
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发表时间:
2010-12-14
期刊:
影响因子:
3.7
通讯作者:
Borchiellini C
Borchiellini C
中科院分区:
综合性期刊3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Gazave E;Lapébie P;Renard E;Vacelet J;Rocher C;Ereskovsky AV;Lavrov DV;Borchiellini C

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同骨海绵动物门(Homoscleromorpha)是海绵的第四大主要谱系,近期被确认为与寻常海绵纲(Demospongiae)不同。它包含不到100种已被描述的完全生活在海洋中的海绵物种,传统上根据形态特征被细分为7个属。由于同骨海绵动物的一些形态特征与真后生动物相同,而在其他海绵中不存在,该类群的系统发育位置在近期的一些研究中已被探讨。然而,该类群内部的系统发育关系尚未用现代方法进行探究。 在此,我们基于核(18S和28S rDNA)以及完整的线粒体DNA序列数据描述了同骨海绵动物门的首个分子系统发育情况,重点关注属间关系。我们的研究结果显示该类群内有两个稳健的分支,一个包含有骨针的物种(板海绵属Plakina、板骨海绵属Plakortis、星板海绵属Plakinastrella和皮层海绵属Corticium),另一个包含无骨针的物种(奥氏海绵属Oscarella和假皮层海绵属Pseudocorticium),因此否定了假皮层海绵属和皮层海绵属之间的密切关系。在有骨针的物种中,我们发现板骨海绵属和星板海绵属之间以及板海绵属和皮层海绵属之间存在亲缘关系。这些分支的有效性还得到了特定形态特征的支持,特别是骨针的类型。此外,皮层海绵属的单系性得到了支持,而板海绵属的单系性未得到支持。 作为我们研究的结果,我们提议恢复1995年之前将同骨海绵动物门细分为两个科的分类方式:1880年舒尔策(Schulze)提出的板海绵科(Plakinidae)用于有骨针的物种,1887年伦登菲尔德(Lendenfeld)提出的奥氏海绵科(Oscarellidae)用于无骨针的物种,这种分类方式在假皮层海绵属被描述之后被摒弃。我们还注意到同骨海绵动物门的这两个科表现出进化上的稳定性,但线粒体基因组结构截然不同,在基因含量和基因顺序上存在差异。
Homoscleromorpha is the fourth major sponge lineage, recently recognized to be distinct from the Demospongiae. It contains <100 described species of exclusively marine sponges that have been traditionally subdivided into 7 genera based on morphological characters. Because some of the morphological features of the homoscleromorphs are shared with eumetazoans and are absent in other sponges, the phylogenetic position of the group has been investigated in several recent studies. However, the phylogenetic relationships within the group remain unexplored by modern methods. Here we describe the first molecular phylogeny of Homoscleromorpha based on nuclear (18S and 28S rDNA) and complete mitochondrial DNA sequence data that focuses on inter-generic relationships. Our results revealed two robust clades within this group, one containing the spiculate species (genera Plakina, Plakortis, Plakinastrella and Corticium) and the other containing aspiculate species (genera Oscarella and Pseudocorticium), thus rejecting a close relationship between Pseudocorticium and Corticium. Among the spiculate species, we found affinities between the Plakortis and Plakinastrella genera, and between the Plakina and Corticium. The validity of these clades is furthermore supported by specific morphological characters, notably the type of spicules. Furthermore, the monophyly of the Corticium genus is supported while the monophyly of Plakina is not. As the result of our study we propose to restore the pre-1995 subdivision of Homoscleromorpha into two families: Plakinidae Schulze, 1880 for spiculate species and Oscarellidae Lendenfeld, 1887 for aspiculate species that had been rejected after the description of the genus Pseudocorticium. We also note that the two families of homoscleromorphs exhibit evolutionary stable, but have drastically distinct mitochondrial genome organizations that differ in gene content and gene order.
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发表时间: 2003-01-01
影响因子: 1.2
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期刊: BIOESSAYS
影响因子: 4
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发表时间: 2000-04-01
影响因子: 3.9
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