LEVELS OF MODELING OF MECHANISMS OF VISUALLY GUIDED BEHAVIOR
LEVELS OF MODELING OF MECHANISMS OF VISUALLY GUIDED BEHAVIOR
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DOI：
10.1017/s0140525x00023360
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发表时间：
1987-09-01
影响因子：
29.3
通讯作者：
ARBIB, MA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
ARBIB, MA
需要中间结构作为复杂行为和神经回路的现实模型之间的桥梁。对于一般的认知科学家来说，图式是适当的功能单元;大脑理论家可以将神经层作为辅助图式的结构和小神经回路之间的中间单元进行工作。在说明不同层次的分析之后，我们从感知图式和运动图式的角度描述视觉运动协调。以高层次视觉中的知觉图式和双手控制中的运动图式为例说明了图式对认知科学的一般意义，并介绍了计算青蛙Rana computatrix，以说明如何构建一组不断发展的模型族，以协调理论与实验之间的灵活合作。计算蛙也许能像阿龙西亚研究学习的亚细胞机制一样，研究神经回路的组织原理。青蛙和蟾蜍的接近，回避和绕道行为进行了分析，在相互作用的模式。促进和猎物识别实现顶盖-前顶盖的相互作用，顶盖建模的顶盖列阵列。我们展示了分层神经计算如何进入立体视觉模型，以及深度图式如何涉及无尾两栖动物的调节和双眼线索的相互作用。
Intermediate constructs are required as bridges between complex behaviors and realistic models of neural circuitry. For cognitive scientists in general, schemas are the appropriate functional units; brain theorists can work with neural layers as units intermediate between structures subserving schemas and small neural circuits.After an account of different levels of analysis, we describe visuomotor coordination in terms of perceptual schemas and motor schemas. The interest of schemas to cognitive science in general is illustrated with the example of perceptual schemas in high-level vision and motor schemas in the control of dextrous hands.Rana computatrix, the computational frog, is introduced to show how one constructs an evolving set of model families to mediate flexible cooperation between theory and experiment. Rana computatrix may be able to do for the study of the organizational principles of neural circuitry what Aplysia has done for the study of subcellular mechanisms of learning. Approach, avoidance, and detour behavior in frogs and toads are analyzed in terms of interacting schemas. Facilitation and prey recognition are implemented as tectal-pretectal interactions, with the tectum modeled by an array of tectal columns. We show how layered neural computation enters into models of stereopsis and how depth schemas may involve the interaction of accommodation and binocular cues in anurans.