DROSOPHILA ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE - MECHANISMS OF RESISTANCE TO ORGANOPHOSPHATES
DROSOPHILA ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE - MECHANISMS OF RESISTANCE TO ORGANOPHOSPHATES
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DOI：
10.1016/0009-2797(93)90047-3
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发表时间：
1993-06-01
影响因子：
5.1
通讯作者：
BRIDE, JM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
FOURNIER, D;MUTERO, A;BRIDE, JM
乙酰胆碱酯酶的量变和质变都会影响昆虫对杀虫剂的敏感性。首先，中枢神经系统中乙酰胆碱酯酶的数量对果蝇很重要，过度表达该酶的果蝇比野生型果蝇更具抵抗力。相反，表达低水平乙酰胆碱酯酶的果蝇更容易受到影响。中枢神经系统外过量产生的乙酰胆碱酯酶也可以防止有机磷中毒，也就是说，产生可溶性乙酰胆碱酯酶的苍蝇在血淋巴中分泌，对有机磷具有抗药性。其次，抗药性也可以由乙酰胆碱酯酶的定性修饰引起。在耐药株中已发现4个突变：Phe115对Ser，Ileu199对Val，Gly303对Ala，Phe368对Tyr。这些突变中的每一种都会导致不同的抗药性模式，这些突变之间的组合会导致高度抗药性的酶。
Quantitative and qualitative changes of acetylcholinesterase can affect the sensitivity of insects to insecticides. First, the amount of acetylcholinesterase in the central nervous system is important in Drosophila melanogaster, flies which overexpress the enzyme are more resistant than wild-type flies. On the contrary, flies which express low levels of acetylcholinesterase are more susceptible. An overproduction of acetylcholinesterase outside the central nervous system also protects against organophosphate poisoning, that is, flies producing a soluble acetylcholinesterase, secreted in the haemolymph, are resistant to organophosphates. Second, resistance can also result from a qualitative modification of acetylcholinesterase. Four mutations have been identified in resistant strains: Phe115 to Ser, Ileu199 to Val, Gly303 to Ala and Phe368 to Tyr. Each of these mutations led to a different pattern of resistance and combinations between these mutations led to highly resistant enzymes.