Influence of 20-year organic and inorganic fertilization on organic carbon accumulation and microbial community structure of aggregates in an intensively cultivated sandy loam soil.
Influence of 20-year organic and inorganic fertilization on organic carbon accumulation and microbial community structure of aggregates in an intensively cultivated sandy loam soil.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0092733
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发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Liu D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zhang H;Ding W;He X;Yu H;Fan J;Liu D
为了评估堆肥（CM）和无机肥料（NPK）施用对微生物群落结构和有机碳（OC）积累的长期影响，收集了20年（1989-2009）用CM、NPK和不施肥（对照）改良的地块的土壤。通过湿筛将土壤分为大团聚体（>2,000 μm）、小团聚体（250-2,000 μm）、微团聚体（53-250 μm）、淤泥（2-53 μm）和粘土部分（<2 μm），并测量它们的 OC 浓度和磷脂脂肪酸（PLFA）。施用堆肥20年显着（P<0.05）使OC增加123%~134%，并加速大团聚体的形成，但降低了土壤氧扩散系数。 NPK主要增加大团聚体中的OC，对团聚体的影响较弱。细菌分布在所有团聚体中，而真菌和放线菌主要分布在大团聚体和微团聚体中。单不饱和与支链 (M/B) PLFA 的比率作为需氧微生物与厌氧微生物比率的指标，与聚集体大小成反比增加。与对照相比，NPK，尤其是 CM 均显着（P<0.05）降低了除淤泥部分之外的所有骨料中的 M/B 比率。 CM和NPK条件下团聚体中有机碳的增加与M/B比显着负相关（P<0.05）。我们的研究表明，与 NPK 处理的土壤相比，CM 处理的团聚体中 OC 积累更有效，这不仅是因为放线菌更有效地减少，而且还因为单不饱和 PLFA 的减少和支链 PLFA 的增加。 CM 下的聚集似乎会将微生境改变为更适合厌氧菌的环境，从而促进 OC 的积累。
To evaluate the long–term effect of compost (CM) and inorganic fertilizer (NPK) application on microbial community structure and organic carbon (OC) accumulation at aggregate scale, soils from plots amended with CM, NPK and no fertilizer (control) for 20 years (1989–2009) were collected. Soil was separated into large macroaggregate (>2,000 μm), small macroaggregate (250–2,000 μm), microaggregate (53–250 μm), silt (2–53 μm) and clay fraction (<2 μm) by wet-sieving, and their OC concentration and phospholipid fatty acids (PLFA) were measured. The 20-year application of compost significantly (P<0.05) increased OC by 123–134% and accelerated the formation of macroaggregates, but decreased soil oxygen diffusion coefficient. NPK mainly increased OC in macroaggregates and displayed weaker influence on aggregation. Bacteria distributed in all aggregates, while fungi and actinobacteria were mainly in macroaggregates and microaggregates. The ratio of monounsaturated to branched (M/B) PLFAs, as an indicator for the ratio of aerobic to anaerobic microorganisms, increased inversely with aggregate size. Both NPK and especially CM significantly (P<0.05) decreased M/B ratios in all aggregates except the silt fraction compared with the control. The increased organic C in aggregates significantly (P<0.05) negatively correlated with M/B ratios under CM and NPK. Our study suggested that more efficient OC accumulations in aggregates under CM–treated than under NPK–treated soil was not only due to a more effective decrease of actinobacteria, but also a decrease of monounsaturated PLFAs and an increase of branched PLFAs. Aggregations under CM appear to alter micro-habitats to those more suitable for anaerobes, which in turn boosts OC accumulation.
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