Channel impeller design for centrifugal blood pump in hybrid pediatric total artificial heart: Modeling, magnet integration, and hydraulic experiments.
Channel impeller design for centrifugal blood pump in hybrid pediatric total artificial heart: Modeling, magnet integration, and hydraulic experiments.
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DOI：
10.1111/aor.14480
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发表时间：
2023-04
影响因子：
2.4
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中科院分区：
文献类型：
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这项研究的目的是通过开发一种新型的儿科混合型全人工心脏(TAH)来解决儿科患者持续存在的设备短缺问题。无阀磁悬浮MCS装置(龙心)只有两个运动部件，将轴向和离心式血泵集成到一个装置中，将为儿科患者群体占据紧凑的胸腔。之前关于龙心的工作主要集中在泵设计的开发上，以实现血流动力学要求。这些泵的叶轮是轴驱动的，因此无法集成进行测试。本研究以现有的磁悬浮轴流泵为研究对象，致力于离心泵的开发。以轴向泵直径为几何约束，设计了一种绕轴向布置的无轴磁支承离心泵。新的设计过程包括对50多种可能的离心式叶轮几何形状进行计算分析。最终的离心泵设计被设计成原型并测试悬浮和空载旋转，然后使用血液模拟物进行体外测试。为了满足生理需求，目标性能目标是压力升高超过90 mm Hg，流速为1-5 L/分钟，操作速度低于5000RPM。在满足磁集成的性能和空间要求的基础上，为离心式血泵选择了三个圆盘形流道叶轮。准定常流动分析表明，叶轮的旋转位置导致了压力产生中的脉动分量。样机制作完成后，离心机样机(3、4和5个槽型设计)展示了悬浮和空载旋转。液压实验建立了超出目标要求的压力产生能力。样机的压力-流量性能遵循预期趋势，并依赖于转速。由于旋转的通道通道频率，在没有泵速调节的情况下观察到脉动血流。这些结果在这一儿科TAH的进展中是有希望的。带槽道的叶轮设计创造了与流量分离的压力-流量曲线，这一优点可以减少所需的控制器输入，并改善高血压患者的治疗。
The purpose of this research is to address ongoing device shortfalls for pediatric patients by developing a novel pediatric hybrid total artificial heart (TAH). The valveless magnetically-levitated MCS device (Dragon Heart) has only two moving parts, integrates an axial and centrifugal blood pump into a single device, and will occupy a compact footprint within the chest for the pediatric patient population. Prior work on the Dragon Heart focused on the development of pump designs to achieve hemodynamic requirements. The impeller of these pumps was shaft-driven and thus could not be integrated for testing. The presented research leverages an existing magnetically levitated axial flow pump and focuses on centrifugal pump development. Using the axial pump diameter as a geometric constraint, a shaftless, magnetically supported centrifugal pump was designed for placement circumferentially around the axial pump domain. The new design process included the computational analysis of more than 50 potential centrifugal impeller geometries. The resulting centrifugal pump designs were prototyped and tested for levitation and no-load rotation, followed by in vitro testing using a blood analog. To meet physiologic demands, target performance goals were pressure rises exceeding 90 mm Hg for flow rates of 1–5 L/min with operating speeds of less than 5000 RPM. Three puck-shaped, channel impellers for the centrifugal blood pump were selected based on achieving performance and space requirements for magnetic integration. A quasi-steady flow analysis revealed that the impeller rotational position led to a pulsatile component in the pressure generation. After prototyping, the centrifugal prototypes (3, 4, and 5 channeled designs) demonstrated levitation and no-load rotation. Hydraulic experiments established pressure generation capabilities beyond target requirements. The pressure-flow performance of the prototypes followed expected trends with a dependence on rotational speed. Pulsatile blood flow was observed without pump-speed modulation due to rotating channel passage frequency. The results are promising in the advancement of this pediatric TAH. The channeled impeller design creates pressure-flow curves that are decoupled from the flow rate, a benefit that could reduce the required controller inputs and improve treatment of hypertensive patients.
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