Tooth loss in the elderly and its association with nutritional status, socio-economic and lifestyle factors
Tooth loss in the elderly and its association with nutritional status, socio-economic and lifestyle factors
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DOI：
10.1080/00016350601058069
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发表时间：
2007-01-01
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Crepaldi, Gaetano
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Musacchio, Estella;Perissinotto, Egle;Crepaldi, Gaetano
目标。牙齿脱落影响一般健康，是营养不良、残疾、丧失自给自足和生活质量下降的一个危险因素。本研究的目的是评估老年意大利人的牙髓病患病率及其与社会和生活方式因素的关系。材料和方法。在意大利北部一个大型社区队列（3054名）老年受试者（>= 65岁）中评估了牙科、社会和疾病状况。采用逐步选择的逻辑回归分析来估计营养、社会经济和生活方式变量对牙齿状况的独立贡献。校正后的ORs和95% CI对与牙槽牙症显著相关的变量进行了估计。结果。龋病患病率约为44.0%。在女性中更为明显，在90岁以上年龄组中患病率是女性的两倍。在无牙的受试者中，17.5%的人没有佩戴义齿。咀嚼困难和吞咽困难分别占47.6%和13.7%。多变量分析表明，在两性中，长牙症与年龄有关。对于女性，独立相关的危险因素是：绝经时间bbbb23年（OR = 1.81; 95% CI: 1.37-2.40），子女数量bbbb3 (OR =- 1.95; 95% CI: 1.36-2.80)，独居（OR = 1.47; 95% CI: 1.15-1.88）。对于男性，这些因素是血清白蛋白< 40 g/l (OR = 1.79; 95% CI: 1.22-2.63)，目前吸烟（OR = 4.01; 95% CI: 2.59-6.20）和曾经吸烟（OR = 3.42; 95% CI: 2.42-4.82）。结论。在研究的意大利老年人口中，蛀牙症的患病率在西方国家中处于最高水平，女性高于男性。在女性中，牙齿脱落与年龄、女性事件（怀孕、绝经状态）和独居有关。在男性中，年龄和吸烟是牙髓症的重要决定因素，这与低白蛋白血症的危险状况有关。咀嚼困难与牙列类型有关。在我们的研究中，没有义齿的无牙受试者的高发率表明需要采取教育和社会措施来改善患者对牙齿护理的态度，并鼓励老年人使用义齿。
Objective. Tooth loss impacts on general health and is a risk factor for malnutrition, disability, loss of self-sufficiency, and deterioration in quality of life. The present study was carried out to evaluate the prevalence of edentulism and its association with social and lifestyle factors in a population of elderly Italians. Material and Methods. Dental, social, and disease conditions were evaluated in a large community-based cohort (3054) of elderly subjects (>= 65 years) of both sexes in northern Italy. Logistic regression analyses with stepwise forward selection were performed to estimate the independent contribution of nutritional, socio-economic, and lifestyle variables to dental status. Adjusted ORs and 95% CI were estimated for variables significantly associated with edentulism. Results. The prevalence of edentulism was about 44.0%. It was more pronounced in females and it was twice as prevalent in the 90 + years age group. Among edentulous subjects, 17.5% wore no prostheses. Difficulties in chewing and in swallowing were reported by 47.6% and 13.7% of the subjects, respectively. Multivariate analysis indicates that edentulism was associated with age in both sexes. For women, independently associated risk factors were: years since menopause > 23 ( OR = 1.81; 95% CI: 1.37-2.40), number of children > 3 ( OR =- 1.95; 95% CI: 1.36-2.80), and living alone (OR = 1.47; 95% CI: 1.15-1.88). For men, these were serum albumin < 40 g/l (OR = 1.79; 95% CI: 1.22-2.63), current smoking (OR = 4.01; 95% CI: 2.59-6.20), and former smoking (OR = 3.42; 95% CI: 2.42-4.82). Conclusions. The prevalence of edentulism among the elderly Italian population studied was at the high end among Western countries, and higher in women than in men. In women, tooth loss correlated with aging, female events (pregnancies, menopausal status), and living alone. In men, aging and smoking are important determinants of edentulism, which is associated with the risk condition of hypoalbuminemia. Difficulty in chewing was associated with dentition type. In our study, the high prevalence of edentulous subjects without prostheses suggests a need for educational and social measures to improve patients' attitudes to dental care and to encourage the use of prostheses among the elderly.