Argument realization: The role of constructions, lexical semantics and discourse factors
Argument realization: The role of constructions, lexical semantics and discourse factors
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论证实现：结构、词汇语义和话语因素的作用
DOI：
10.1075/cal.3.03gol
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发表时间：
2005
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
A. Goldberg
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. Goldberg
在最近的工作中，许多研究者提出了明确的和雄心勃勃的建议，如何动词的语义属性与显性表达的论点和谓词。这些建议提供了广泛的类型学，将词汇划分为大的统一类。本文认为，这些分析低估了构式，详细的词汇语义和语篇因素的作用。只要对这些因素给予足够的重视，“例外”，实际上也就是一般的倾向本身，就不需要额外的语法规定。目前的语法研究方法，构式语法，认为说话人的语言知识是由一个习得的形式和功能配对或构式组成的网络。构式语法致力于最终解释语言知识的各个方面。也就是说，该理论致力于描述充分性的标准。当有证据表明说话者不能从其他语言知识（即从其他已经假设存在的构式）预测其形式、功能或用途的某些方面时，构式就会被假设。同时，这里采用的构式语法类型要求为每一个假设的构式寻找理据。理据的目的是解释为什么这种特殊的形式意义对应至少是可能的，充其量也是自然的，应该存在于一种给定的语言中。2理据可以通过对习得的限制、语法化原则、语篇要求、象似性原则或一般原则的诉求来提供
In recent work, a number of researchers have offered explicit and ambitious proposals for how semantic properties of verbs relate to the overt expression of arguments and predicates. These proposals have offered broad typologies that divide the lexicon into large uniform classes. In this paper, it is argued that these analyses underestimate the role of constructions, detailed lexical semantics and discourse factors. Given sufficient attention to these factors, the “exceptions” and in fact the general tendencies themselves, follow without additional grammatical stipulation.The present approach to grammar, Construction Grammar, takes speakers’ knowledge of language to consist of a network of learned pairings of form and function, or constructions. Construction Grammar makes a strong commitment to ultimately try to account for every aspect of knowledge of language. That is, the theory commits itself to a criterion of descriptive adequacy. Constructions are posited whenever there is evidence that speakers cannot predict some aspect of their form, function, or use from other knowledge of language (ie, from other constructions already posited to exist). At the same time, the type of Construction Grammar adopted here demands that motivation be sought for each construction that is posited. Motivation aims to explain why it is at least possible and at best natural that this particular formmeaning correspondence should exist in a given language. 2 Motivation can be provided by, for example, appeal to constraints on acquisition, principles of grammaticalization, discourse demands, iconic principles or general principles