Exposure to titanium dioxide and other metallic oxide nanoparticles induces cytotoxicity on human neural cells and fibroblasts.
Exposure to titanium dioxide and other metallic oxide nanoparticles induces cytotoxicity on human neural cells and fibroblasts.
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DOI：
10.2147/ijn.s3234
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发表时间：
2008
影响因子：
8
通讯作者：
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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二氧化钛(二氧化钛)在各种工业应用(如纸张、塑料、化妆品和涂料的生产)中的用途一直在扩大，从而增加了这些纳米颗粒对人类和其他物种的职业和其他环境暴露。然而，尽管最近的研究表明，暴露于纳米二氧化钛会在肺组织和细胞中诱导炎症反应，但暴露于纳米二氧化钛对健康的影响尚未得到系统的评估。由于这种纳米颗粒对人类神经细胞的影响尚不清楚，我们已经确定了这些纳米颗粒对人星形细胞样星形细胞瘤U87细胞的假定细胞毒作用，并比较了它们对正常人成纤维细胞的影响。我们发现，二氧化钛微米和纳米颗粒以浓度相关的方式诱导这两种类型的人类细胞死亡。我们进一步注意到，在诱导U87细胞死亡方面，氧化锌纳米颗粒最有效，二氧化钛纳米颗粒次之，氧化镁纳米颗粒最不有效。二氧化钛微米和纳米颗粒作用于U87细胞的细胞死亡机制包括凋亡、坏死以及可能的凋亡和坏死样细胞死亡类型。因此，我们的发现可能对人类和其他哺乳动物暴露于金属氧化物纳米颗粒具有毒理学和其他病理生理学意义。
The use of titanium dioxide (TiO2) in various industrial applications (eg, production of paper, plastics, cosmetics, and paints) has been expanding thereby increasing the occupational and other environmental exposure of these nanoparticles to humans and other species. However, the health effects of exposure to TiO2 nanoparticles have not been systematically assessed even though recent studies suggest that such exposure induces inflammatory responses in lung tissue and cells. Because the effects of such nanoparticles on human neural cells are unknown, we have determined the putative cytotoxic effects of these nanoparticles on human astrocytes-like astrocytoma U87 cells and compared their effects on normal human fibroblasts. We found that TiO2 micro- and nanoparticles induced cell death on both human cell types in a concentration-related manner. We further noted that zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles were the most effective, TiO2 nanoparticles the second most effective, and magnesium oxide (MgO) nanoparticles the least effective in inducing cell death in U87 cells. The cell death mechanisms underlying the effects of TiO2 micro- and nanoparticles on U87 cells include apoptosis, necrosis, and possibly apoptosis-like and necrosis-like cell death types. Thus, our findings may have toxicological and other pathophysiological implications on exposure of humans and other mammalian species to metallic oxide nanoparticles.