HUMAN ORIGINS AND ANALYSIS OF MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA SEQUENCES
HUMAN ORIGINS AND ANALYSIS OF MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA SEQUENCES
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DOI：
10.1126/science.1590849
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发表时间：
1992-02-07
期刊：
影响因子：
56.9
通讯作者：
TEMPLETON, AR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
TEMPLETON, AR
L.警惕等人(1)最近提出了”迄今为止最有力的支持，证明它们共同的线粒体DNA祖先大约在20万年前出现在非洲。“这一支持来自于一棵树，该树是使用计算机程序PAUP（2）从mtDNA序列数据中通过最大简约法估计的。从这棵树中推断出非洲起源，因为（i）最基本的分裂是纯粹的非洲血统，（ii）非洲起源比假设非非洲起源的替代品更受欢迎，这是基于使用估计的最大简约树作为参考树的统计测试。单一非洲起源假说首先是使用参数（i）从mtDNA限制性位点数据估计的最大简约树推断出来的（3）。Vigilant等人的新支持是至关重要的，因为Maddison（4）最近发现了10，000棵树，比Cann等人给出的mtDNA限制性位点”最大简约树”要简约5步。（三）、Maddison的最大简约树集包含了地理上混合的基本分支的分支图，从而使最初的
L. Vigilant et al.(1) recently presented" the strongest support yet for the placement of [their] common mtDNA [mitochondrial DNA] ancestor in Africa some 200,000 years ago." This support stems from a tree estimated by maximum parsimony from mtDNA sequence data with the use of the computer program PAUP (2). The African origin is inferred from this tree because (i) the most basal splits are among purely Afri-can lineages and (ii) an African origin is favored over alternatives hypothesizing a non-African origin on the basis of statistical tests that use the estimated maximum parsi-mony tree as the reference tree. The single African origin hypothesis was first inferred with the use of argument (i) from a maximum parsimony tree estimated from mtDNA restriction site data (3). The new support of Vigilant et al. is critical because Maddison (4) has recently found 10,000 trees more parsimonious by five steps than the mtDNA restriction site" maximum parsimony tree" given by Cann et al.(3). Maddison's set of maximum parsimony trees contains cladograms with geographically mixed basal clades, thereby invalidating the original rationale for an