Burning a hole in the budget: tobacco spending and its crowd-out of other goods.
Burning a hole in the budget: tobacco spending and its crowd-out of other goods.
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DOI：
10.2165/00148365-200403040-00009
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发表时间：
2004-01-01
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Sindelar, Jody L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Busch, Susan H;Jofre-Bonet, Mireia;Sindelar, Jody L
吸烟是一种昂贵的习惯。吸烟家庭平均每年在香烟上的花费超过1000美元。当一个家庭成员戒烟时，除了前吸烟者的长期健康得到改善外，家庭也会受益，因为减少香烟支出所节省的资金可以用于其他商品。对于一些成员继续吸烟的家庭，吸烟支出会挤出其他购买，这可能会影响其他家庭成员以及吸烟者。我们实证分析了烟草支出如何挤出其他商品的消费，估计烟草产品和其他类别的家庭支出之间的替代和互补模式。我们使用1995年至2001年的消费者支出调查数据，我们补充了区域价格数据和州卷烟价格。我们估计了一个消费者需求系统，其中包括几个主要的支出类别（香烟，食品，酒精，住房，服装，交通，医疗保健）和社会经济变量和其他可观察到的异质性来源的控制。描述性数据表明，与不吸烟者相比，吸烟者在住房方面的支出较少。需求系统的结果表明，随着香烟价格的上涨，家庭增加了购买食品的数量，在一些样本中，减少了购买服装和住房的数量。
Smoking is an expensive habit. Smoking households spend, on average, more than $US1000 annually on cigarettes. When a family member quits, in addition to the former smoker's improved long-term health, families benefit because savings from reduced cigarette expenditures can be allocated to other goods. For households in which some members continue to smoke, smoking expenditures crowd-out other purchases, which may affect other household members, as well as the smoker. We empirically analyse how expenditures on tobacco crowd-out consumption of other goods, estimating the patterns of substitution and complementarity between tobacco products and other categories of household expenditure. We use the Consumer Expenditure Survey data for the years 1995-2001, which we complement with regional price data and state cigarette prices. We estimate a consumer demand system that includes several main expenditure categories (cigarettes, food, alcohol, housing, apparel, transportation, medical care) and controls for socioeconomic variables and other sources of observable heterogeneity. Descriptive data indicate that, comparing smokers to nonsmokers, smokers spend less on housing. Results from the demand system indicate that as the price of cigarettes rises, households increase the quantity of food purchased, and, in some samples, reduce the quantity of apparel and housing purchased.