Felsic crust development in the Kaapvaal Craton, South Africa: A reference sample collection to investigate a billion years of geological history

Felsic crust development in the Kaapvaal Craton, South Africa: A reference sample collection to investigate a billion years of geological history
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南非卡普瓦尔克拉通的长英质地壳发育:研究十亿年地质历史的参考样本集合

DOI:
10.1016/j.earscirev.2024.104680
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发表时间:
2024
影响因子:
12.1
通讯作者:
Moyen J
Moyen J
中科院分区:
地球科学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Moyen J

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卡普瓦尔克拉通的地壳在近10亿年的时间里在整个欧亚大陆上增生。它提供了一个独特的例子,各种地质过程,形成地球的大陆地壳,并说明了一个参考集合的花岗岩和镁铁质岩石(SWASA收集)。这个样品收集的年龄,主要和微量元素的充分特点,并记录了以下多阶段的克拉通的历史。在巴伯顿地区,增生的初始阶段(阶段B. I,> 3.33 Ga和B.II,3.28-3.21 Ga)对应于从近南极储层中提取的钠质(TTG)地壳的形成。阶段B.III(ca. 3.1 Ga)对应于该地壳的再加工,或者通过壳内熔融,或者通过某些物质再循环进入地幔并熔融该富集的地幔。阶段B.IV(2.85-2.7 Ga)对应于小的离散岩体侵位,涉及有限的壳内改造。北方卡普瓦尔克拉通对应于北部巴伯顿火山核两侧的移动的带。阶段NK·I(> 3.1 Ga)类似于阶段B·I和B.II:从寒武纪储层形成TTG壳。相比之下,阶段NK. II.(2.97-2.88 Ga)见证了可能的裂陷和绿岩盆地的形成,以及新一代TTG的镁铁质和长英质岩浆活动提取的同位素亏损地幔(超镁铁质)水库。地壳内改造占主导地位的阶段NK.III(2.88-2.71 Ga),而sanukitoids和相关的花岗岩,涉及地幔污染的再循环地壳材料,是常见的阶段NK.IV(约。2.67 SWASA收集的资料可作为参考资料,用于研究其他感兴趣的系统在各种地壳演化模式期间的行为。
The crust of the Kaapvaal craton accreted throughout the Archaean over nearly 1 billion years. It provides a unique example of the various geological processes that shape Earth's continental crust, and is illustrated by a reference collection of granitoids and mafic rocks (SWASA collection). This sample collection is fully characterised in term of age, major and trace elements, and documents the following multistage history of the craton. In the Barberton area, the initial stages of accretion (stage B·I, > 3.33 Ga and B.II, 3.28—3.21 Ga) correspond to the formation of a sodic (TTG) crust extracted from a near-chondritic reservoir. Stage B.III (ca. 3.1 Ga) corresponds to reworking of this crust, either through intracrustal melting, or via recycling of some material into the mantle and melting of this enriched mantle. Stage B.IV (2.85—2.7 Ga) corresponds to the emplacement of small, discrete plutons involving limited intracrustal reworking. The Northern Kaapvaal craton corresponds to a mobile belt flanking the Barberton cratonic core to the North. Stage NK·I (> 3.1 Ga) resembles stages B·I and B.II: formation of a TTG crust from a chondritic reservoir. In contrast, stage NK.II. (2.97–2.88 Ga) witnesses probable rifting of a cratonic fragment and formation of greenstone basins as well as a new generation of TTGs with both the mafic and felsic magmatism extracted from an isotopically depleted mantle (super-chondritic) reservoir. Intra-crustal reworking dominates stage NK.III (2.88–2.71 Ga), whereas sanukitoids and related granites, involving a mantle contaminated by recycled crustal material, are common during stage NK.IV (ca. 2.67 Ga).The SWASA collection are available as a reference collection to investigate the behavior of other systems of interest during a variety of crust evolution modes.
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