Comparative Evaluation of Dynamic Performance of a Virtual Synchronous Machine and Synchronous Machines
Comparative Evaluation of Dynamic Performance of a Virtual Synchronous Machine and Synchronous Machines
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虚拟同步机与同步机动态性能的比较评估
DOI：
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发表时间：
2020
期刊：
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通讯作者：
Djaved Rostom
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Md Asif Uddin Khan;Q. Hong;Di Liu;A. E. Álvarez;A. Dyśko;C. Booth;Djaved Rostom
转换器接口可再生能源发电的日益普及给电力系统带来了重大的运营挑战。这些挑战主要是由于变流器的性能和动态响应与同步电机不同，例如变流器不能自然地为系统提供惯性，并且故障特征非常不同，只贡献有限的故障水平。虚拟同步机（VSMs）和同步冷凝器（SCs）都被认为是解决以变流器为主的电力系统运行挑战的有前途的解决方案。本文对VSM、SC和同步发电机（SGs）在一系列电网突发事件（包括短路故障、频率干扰、电压下降等）下的动态性能进行了综合评估和比较研究。这些研究旨在提供与SCs和SGs相比，vsm可以为系统提供的支持水平，以及它们在系统中更广泛应用时需要考虑的优势、潜在问题和局限性。从研究中发现，作为故障穿越的稳定性寻路器要求的一部分，VSM可以成功地通过0.1 pu的电压降，持续140 ms。此外，从提供惯性响应的角度来看，VSM单元可以与SC和SG具有相当的性能。但是在电压阶跃仿真中，VSM的无功功率注入比SC和SG低得多，且VSM的故障电流特性依赖于控制器，不能像SC和SG那样注入高故障电流。
Increasing penetration of converter-interfaced renewable generation has led to significant operational challenges for power systems. Such challenges are mainly caused by the different capabilities and dynamic responses of the converters compared with synchronous machines, e.g. converters do not naturally provide inertia to the system and contribute limited fault level with very different fault characteristics. Virtual Synchronous Machines (VSMs) and Synchronous Condensers (SCs) are both considered as promising solutions to address the challenges in operating converter-dominated power systems. This paper presents comprehensive studies for evaluating and comparing the dynamic performance of VSM, SC and Synchronous Generators (SGs), under a range of grid contingency events, which include short circuit faults, frequency disturbances, voltage depression, etc. The studies aim to offer insights on the level of support VSMs can offer to the system as compared with SCs and SGs, and their advantages, potential issues and limitations that need to be considered for a wider application in the system. From the studies, it is found that the VSM can successfully ride through a voltage depression of 0.1 pu for 140 ms as part of the stability path-finder requirements of fault ride through. Furthermore, the VSM unit can have a comparable performance with SC and SG from the perspective of provision of inertial response. However, in terms of voltage step simulation, reactive power injection from the VSM is very low compared to SC and SG and the fault current characteristic of the VSM is controller depended and cannot inject high fault currents like SC and SG.