Determining Playback Speeds of Early Ethnographic Wax Cylinder Recordings: Technical and Methodological Issues
Determining Playback Speeds of Early Ethnographic Wax Cylinder Recordings: Technical and Methodological Issues
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确定早期民族志蜡筒录音的播放速度：技术和方法问题
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发表时间：
2015
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Adrian Poole
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Adrian Poole
留声机蜡筒设备是19世纪末和20世纪初比较音乐学家记录和播放他们在现场遇到的音乐的主要手段。许多比较音乐学家使用这些录音进行详细的节奏、音高和时间分析，并利用这些发现对不同的音乐文化做出比较判断。本文通过关注一个关键问题来研究几位杰出的比较音乐学家的工作：准确地确定最适合与原始现场录音时使用的播放速度相匹配的播放速度。本文引用了大量的原始材料，包括出版的文本、采访和保存在大英图书馆声音档案馆的大量蜡柱录音，以构建这样的论点：在复制和数字化人种学蜡柱录音时，准确确定播放速度是至关重要的，在评估比较音乐学家的方法和他们发现的有效性时也是如此。
Phonographic wax cylinder equipment was the principal means by which late nineteenth-century and early twentieth-century comparative musicologists recorded and played back the music that they encountered in the field. Many comparative musicologists used these recordings to conduct detailed rhythmic, pitch and temporal analyses and used the findings to make comparative judgements of distinct musical cultures. This article examines the work of several prominent comparative musicologists by focusing on one key issue: accurately determining the playback speed which most appropriately matches that used at the time of the original field recording. This article draws on a range of source material including published texts, interviews and numerous wax cylinder recordings stored at the British Library Sound Archive to construct the argument that accurately determining playback speeds is of central importance when duplicating and digitising ethnographic wax cylinder recordings, and when assessing the methods of comparative musicologists and the validity of their findings.