Tool-path planning with constraint of cutting force fluctuation for curved surface machining
Tool-path planning with constraint of cutting force fluctuation for curved surface machining
复制标题
曲面加工切削力波动约束的刀具路径规划
DOI：
10.1016/j.precisioneng.2017.11.002
复制
发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Si Li-kun
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ma Jian-wei;Song De-ning;Jia Zhen-yuan;Hu Guo-qing;Su Wei-wei;Si Li-kun
曲面类零件在工业应用中有着广泛的应用，球头铣刀三轴数控加工因其刚度高、操作简单等优点，成为某些曲面类零件加工的常用方法。在该方法的应用中，曲面不同加工位置的切削面积是不断变化的，从而导致加工过程中切削力的剧烈波动，切削力波动是影响曲面零件加工质量和刀具寿命的重要因素之一。在加工条件一定的情况下，刀具轨迹成为影响切削力波动的主要因素，因此，合理的曲面加工刀具轨迹规划方法是保证加工质量和延长刀具寿命的关键。基于等残留高度法得到的刀位点，优化了切削路径间隔和切削步长，并首次划分了刀位网格单元，以满足曲面加工的几何精度要求。以刀位网格单元的节点为刀位点，以提高曲面加工质量为目标，实现了以小切削力波动为约束的曲面加工刀位轨迹规划。以马鞍形曲面工件为例，实验结果表明，与其他三种传统刀轨规划方法相比，本文提出的新刀轨规划方法具有最小的切削力波动，能够真正提高曲面零件的加工质量。提出了一种综合考虑曲面几何特征和曲面零件加工过程中切削力波动的刀具轨迹规划方法，为曲面零件的上级加工提供了指导。
Curved surface parts are widely used in the industrial applications and the three-axis NC machining with ball-end cutter is the commonly adopted method for certain curved surface parts machining due to its high stiffness and simple operation. With the usage of this approach, the cutting area for different machining positions of the curved surface is changing all the time which results in a severe cutting force fluctuation among the machining process and the cutting force fluctuation is one of the vital factors that affect the machining quality of curved surface parts and the tool life. For the tool-path becomes the main factor that influences the cutting force fluctuation under the condition that the processing condition is determined, an appropriate tool-path planning method with the constraint of cutting force fluctuation for the curved surface machining is crucial for not only guaranteeing machining quality but also prolonging tool life. Based on the cutter location points obtained by the constant scallop-height method, cutting path interval and cutting step length are optimized and the cutter location mesh units are divided firstly, so as to meet the geometry accuracy for the curved surface machining. Taking the nodes of the cutter location mesh units as the cutter location points, the tool-path planning with the constraint of small cutting force fluctuation for the curved surface machining is carried out to improve the surface quality. Taking a saddle surface workpiece as an example, the experimental results show that the novel tool-path planning method proposed in this study has the smallest cutting force fluctuation compared with the other three traditional tool-path planning methods and can truly improve the machining quality of the curved surface parts. This research puts forward an novel tool-path planning approach on account of both the geometric feature of curved surface and the cutting force fluctuation in machining process of the curved surface parts, which provides a guidance for superior quality and high efficiency machining.